ΟΔΗΓΟΣ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΑΘΗΝΑΣ ΟΔΗΓΟΣ - ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΑΘΗΝΑ ΑΤΤΙΚΗ | Page 17

Ελληνικό Δίκτυο ΦΙΛΟΙ της ΦΥΣΗΣ INTRODUCTION The Palimpsest landscape of Western Athens Chariklia Chari Western Athens consists of the municipalities of Agia Varvara, Agioi Anargyroi – Kamatero, Aigaleo, Ilion, Peristeri, Petroupolis and Haidari. In these cities the traces of antiquity, the urban post-industrial character, the fragile, fragmented landscape and the particular urban ecosystems compose a unique palimpsest. The Diomedes Garden is both a botanical garden and a place of executions. The Daphni Monastery bridges three phases of Greek history – from antiquity to Byzantium to the Greek Revolution of 1821. Palataki used to house prominent personalities and great painters. Baroutadiko (literally: gunpowder factory), an industrial compound, that also housed refugees from Asia Minor in the 1920s, is now an urban park. Western Athens area spreads from Kifissos River to Mount Aigaleo. It used to be a place of stunning beauty, with its huge olive grove covering a large part of it until the beginning of the 20 th century. It was sparsely populated, but traces of human habitation are found throughout the ages in the ancient cities of Epikifissia, Ptelea, Lakiades, Leukonoi and Holargos (see: Αμαλία Διώτη, Αρχαίοι Δήμοι της Δυτικής Αττικής). The settlements mainly developed along the ancient Sacred Way and Kifissos River. Kifissos River, a source of life and sacred in antiquity, is today invisible, flowing for most of its length under Kifissos Avenue. With the exceptions of Tritsis Park, Vourkari and Koumoundourou Lake, the element of water in Western Athens is hidden, as most water arteries that spring from Mount Aigaleo and end up in Kifissos, are now mainly covered and run underground, like the Agios Vasilios gully in modern Peristeri, the gullies of Vathi Rema, Fleva and Kanapitseri in Ilion, and the Eupyrides one in Ano Liosia and Kamatero. The natural landscape is to be found in only a few free-running creeks, like the Ermos one in Haidari. A very particular element of the area’s palimpsest and significant part of our material and immaterial cultural heritage is the famed Sacred Way that connected Athens to the sanctuary of Eleusis, which for more than 2,500 years follows the same route and ancient parts of it are still visible today. Its role as the main gateway to the city from the west forms a continuous space-time narrative: Ancient ruins of religious monuments mainly connected to the Eleusinian Procession, traces of numerous cemeteries and burial monuments on both sides, byzantine 15