Mahoney, J. L., R. P. Weissberg, M. T. Greenberg, L. Dusenbury, R. J. Jagers, et al. 2021.“ Systemic Social and Emotional Learning: Promoting Educational Success for all Preschool to High School Students.” American Psychologist 76( 7): 1128 – 42. doi. org / 10.1037 / amp0000701.
Major, S. O., M. J. Seabra-Santos, & R. P. Martin. 2015.“ Are We Talking about the Same Child? Parent-Teacher Ratings of Preschoolers’ Social-Emotional Behaviors.” Psychology in the Schools 52( 8): 789 – 99. doi. org / 10.1002 / pits. 21855.
Martinsone, B., I. Supe, I. Stokenberga, C. Cefai, L. Camilleri, et al. 2022.“ Social Emotional Competence, Learning Outcomes, Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties of Preschool Children: Parent and Teacher Evaluations.” Frontiers in Psychology 12: 760782. doi. org / 10.3389 / fpsyg. 2021.760782.
NAEYC. 2020.“ Developmentally Appropriate Practice.” Position statement. NAEYC. naeyc. org / resources / position-statements / dap / contents.
NAEYC. 2025.“ Early Childhood Program Standards: Supporting Evidence.” NAEYC. naeyc. org / resources / position-statements / early-childhood-program-standards.
NASEM( National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine). 2024. A New Vision for High-Quality Preschool Curriculum. National Academies Press.
Pennington, S. E., J. H. Tang, K. Divoll, & P. Correll. 2024.“ A Scoping Literature Review on Parent Interactions with Teachers and School Environments at the Middle Level.” Education Sciences 14( 12): 1364. doi. org / 10.3390 / educsci14121364.
Pietarinen, J., K. Pyhältö, & T. Soini. 2016.“ Teacher’ s Professional Agency— A Relational Approach to Teacher Learning.” Learning: Research and Practice 2( 2): 112 – 29. doi. org / 10.1080 / 23735082. 2016.1181196.
Schmidtke, A., T. Jolley, & K. Telford. 2025.“ Effective Practices for Intentional Teaching.” In The Intentional Teacher: Choosing the Best Strategies for Young Children’ s Learning, ed. A. Schmidtke. 3rd ed. NAEYC.
Shimek, C., A. Morewood, & A. S. Dagen. 2025.“ Structures of Support: Developing Early Literacy Leadership Ecosystems.” Young Children 80( 3): 45 – 53.
Smith, T. E., & S. M. Sheridan. 2019.“ The Effects of Teacher Training on Teachers’ Family-Engagement Practices, Attitudes, and Knowledge: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation 29( 2): 128 – 57. doi. org / 10.1080 / 1047 4412.2018.1460725.
Song, Y., J. Wang, Y. Chen, J. Zhang, & C. Xu. 2025.“ Exploring the Potential of Adopting an Interactive Mixed-Reality Tool in Teacher Professional Development: Impact on Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Practical Competencies of Dialogic Pedagogy.” Computers & Education 238: 105390. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. compedu. 2025.105390.
Stegelin, D. A. 2018. Preschool Suspension and Expulsion: Defining the Issues. Institute for Child Success. instituteforchildsuccess. org / wp-content / uploads / 2018 / 12 / ICS-2018- PreschoolSuspensionBrief-WEB. pdf.
Vallotton, C. D., N. Gardner-Neblett, L. Kim, T. Harewood, & N. K. Duke. 2023.“ Ready for Read-Alouds: 10 Practices for Book- Sharing with Infants and Toddlers.” The Reading Teacher 76( 4): 459 – 69. doi. org / 10.1002 / trtr. 2176.
Vlach, S. K., T. S. Lentz, & G. E. Muhammad. 2023.“ Activating Joy Through Culturally and Historically Responsive Read-Alouds.” The Reading Teacher 77( 1): 121 – 30. doi. org / 10.1002 / trtr. 2203.
Wang, Q., & Y. Li. 2024.“ How Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality Facilitate Teacher Education: A Systematic Review.” Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 40( 3): 1276 – 94. doi. org / 10.1111 / jcal. 12949.
Wilder, T. L., A. Y. Grays, F. Young, D. Moise, & S. Theodore. 2024.“ The LEARN Framework: Supporting Self-Regulation in Diverse Early Childhood Settings.” Young Children 79( 2): 46 – 55.
Winsler, A., & G. L. Wallace. 2002.“ Behavior Problems and Social Skills in Preschool Children: Parent-Teacher Agreement and Relations with Classroom Observations.” Early Education and Development 13( 1): 41 – 58. doi. org / 10.1207 / s15566935eed1301 _ 3.
Zulauf-McCurdy, C. A., & K. M. Zinsser. 2021.“ How Teachers’ Perceptions of the Parent – Teacher Relationship Affect Children’ s Risk for Early Childhood Expulsion.” Psychology in the Schools 58( 1): 69 – 88. doi. org / 10.1002 / pits. 22440.
Photograph: p. 44, © Getty Images; pp. 47, 50, courtesy of authors Copyright © 2026 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children. See permissions and reprints online at NAEYC. org / resources / permissions.
52 Young Children
Summer 2026