St Oswald's Magazine StOM 1805 | Page 11

SAINTS DAYS FOR MAY 3 May Philip and St James the Lesser The Crypt containing the relics of Philip and St James the Lesser Two apostles whose actual dates of death are not known are commemorated on one day because a Basilica in Rome was dedicated to them. All reference to them is found in the New Testament. Several disciples of Jesus are called James. Only of two of them we know for definite who they were: The elder James, also called ‘St James the Great’, Son of Zebedee, whose grave is venerated at Santiago de Compostella, which is the destination of the pilgrim paths of St James – and the other James, who is said to be the brother of Jesus. Protestant tradition assures us that he is not identical with James number 3, the Son of Alpheus, since they take the word ‘brother’ literally, although it could mean ‘cousin’ in Old Testament tradition. According to Catholic and Orthodox tradition this James (nr 2 or 3), is called ‘the Less’, sometimes ‘St James the Just’. He was, as a relative of Jesus, such an important figure in the early Christian community in Jerusalem, that the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus mentions his execution in the year 62. Legend has it that he was thrown off the temple walls and then beaten to death with a fullers’ club, Josephus reports stoning, which was a judicial murder about which the Community complained to the Roman Procurator, where upon the High Priest Annas lost his job. The great esteem which James enjoyed with his contemporaries justifies that he is today the Patron Saint of pastry-and cake makers, a trade which has produced the goods, at least before the cake mixture or deep freeze was invented. 14 May St Matthias (First Century) He was chosen to replace Judas to make up the number of the apostles to twelve once more. Acts 1: 21-2, describes the vote taken by the apostles to choose from 2 candidates. With this brief appearance in the New Testament definite information about him ends. Tradition places him preaching in Judea, also in Cappadocia (Southern Turkey) There is a fictitious ‘Acts of Andrew and Matthias’ which links him to Ethiopia. Clement of Alexandria makes him one of the 72 disciples sent out to preach throughout the world. 11