NET ZERO IMPORTS
Index 2013 report, China ranked 9th in terms of quality of its scientific research institutions.
4. Although the international significance of Chinese universities has been growing, they have attracted little scholarship. Ministry of Science and Technology has also initiated several programmes to boost research and development:
1. National Key Technologies R & D Programme
2. National Science and Technology Infrastructure Programme
3. Environment Building for Science and Technology Industries
4. Mega Projects for 10th Science Research for the 10th Five Year plan
5. 863 Programme higher education in India. Of this, prominent ones with focus on research orientation of Indian educational universities are‘ The Universities for Research and Innovation Bill, 2011’ and‘ The Foreign Education Institutions( Regulation of Entry and Operations) Bill 2010’.
3. The Department of Science and Technology, GOI has several programmes for technology development like:
a) Drugs and Pharmaceutical Research Programme
b) Instrumentation Development Programme
c) National Programme on Carbon Sequestration Research
d) Solar Energy Research Initiative, etc.
Ease of Doing Business:
Registration of property
Tax structure
Trading across borders
China
China fares well on the parameter of registering property, wherein it takes only 29 days in China and costs 3.6 % of the property value.
China’ s tax structure is also relatively simplified as compared to India. More number of taxes requires greater interaction between businesses and tax collecting agencies, and complicates the process. In this regard, a total of 7 payments are required in China’ s case.
1. China’ s cost to export and import is almost half of that in the Indian case.
2. The number of documents required for exporting / importing into the country is also lesser in China’ s case.
3. Inland transportation and handling, and ports and terminal handling account for only 37.9 percent of China’ s cost of exports.
4. The total logistic related costs amount to a mere US $ 235 per container in China’ s case.
5. China has a system of single window.
6. China has developed systems for instituted risk profiles which allow them to use physical inspection in proportion to the potential risk of consignments.
India
In India, it takes 44 days and costs 7 % of the property value.
A total of 33 payments are required in India. Simplifying the tax procedure in India by moving to GST will help improve the doing business ranking considerably.
1. India’ s cost to export and import is almost double of that in China.
2. India requires more documents for exporting / importing into the country.
3. Inland transportation and handling, and ports and terminal handling are the major components of export cost in India, accounting for 53.4 percent of the total cost.
4. In absolute value terms, the total logistic related costs amount to US $ 625 per container in India.
5. A single window is practiced across 73 economies of the world and it should be implemented in India.
6. Such a system of risk profiling is absent in India
Enforcing contracts
Enforcing contracts is a strong point for China as it ranks 19th in terms of ease of contracts, measured in terms of the time, cost and procedural complexity of resolving a commercial lawsuit between
In India it requires 1,420 days, costing a huge 39.6 percent of total claims and requiring 46 procedures in total.
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