NET ZERO IMPORTS
Science and technology China
Patent regime China has strengthened its patent regime ; stricter conditions to meet patent specifications were applied through third revision of Patent Law .
India
As per the report of the United
State Trade Representative ( USTR ), India ’ s legal framework and enforcement system for IPR is weak .
With respect to electronics industry , the USTR has raised concerns over India ’ s Preferential Market Access policy for electronic products which appear to condition certain preferential treatment on the indigenous development of IPR .
Patents granted
National technical network safety : measures and policies
Protection of data
Scientific research and innovation : initiatives in the direction
In 2013 , 795,517 patents were filed in China for inventions , out of which 207,688 were granted . Applications received for layout designs of integrated circuits were as high as 1,561 in the same year ( 2013 ).
Chinese National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team ( CNCERT ) is the nodal agency for network security technical coordination . Following are the principal functions of the network : 1 . It maintains safety of Chinese public internet . 2 . Ensures safety for the information network infrastructures , networks and vital information systems . 3 . It has released set of guidelines for protection of vital public installations such as energy , finance sectors , nuclear facilities , space program and large infrastructure projects .
Although some guidelines do exist as far as personal data protection is concerned , there are no specific laws in this regard in China .
1 . To improve the level of scientific research in the country , the Chinese Ministry of Education had two core programmes :
a ) Project 211 b ) Project 985
2 . Both these projects were aimed at improving the research capacity of Chinese universities . In 2011 , both these projects were closed to new universities .
3 . According to the Global Innovation
India has witnessed a year on year growth in patents filed and examined during 2012- 13 .
During the five year period 2008-09 to 2012-13 , while both patents filed and patents examined have grown ( CAGR ) by 4.4 percent and 4.5 percent to reach the level of 43,674 and 12,268 respectively , patents granted have witnessed a negative CAGR of -28.8 percent .
10.1 % of total patents filed in 2012-13 were in the category of computer / electronics .
Indian National Cyber Security Policy , 2013 deals with the security concerns of sensitive information networks and infrastructure . This law has supplemented the already existing Information Technology ( IT ) Act , 2000 and IT Amendment Act , 2008 .
The above law aims at “ building a secure and resilient cyberspace for citizens , businesses and government .”
Information Technology Act , 2000 contains provisions for protection of electronic data .
1 . The Department of Science and Technology , Government of India works towards strengthening institutional capacities in research and development . Major initiatives by the department include Fund for Infrastructure , Strengthening of S & T ( FIST ) and Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence ( PURSE ).
2 . In recent times , the Ministry of Human Resource Development has proposed several legislations for restructuring
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