Saint Olave's Law Society Journal ; Issue 01 (Autumn 2013) | Page 19

Saint
 Olave’s
 Law
 Society
 Journal

was
 based
 on
 a
 photograph
 taken
 by
 the
  AP
 freelancer
 Mannie
 Garcia.
 They
  demanded
 compensation
 for
 the
 use
 of
  the
 photograph
 but
 Fairey
 used
 the
  defence
 of
 fair
 use
 and
 claimed
 that
 his
  poster
 did
 not
 reduce
 the
 value
 of
 the
  original
 photograph.
 Both
 parties
 came
  to
 a
 private
 settlement
 in
 January
 2011,
  which
 included
 a
 split
 in
 profits.

  Victor
  Whitmill
  v.
  Warner
  Bros.
  Entertainment
 Inc.

  In
  the
  movie
  The
  Hangover
  Part
  II,
  the
  character
  Stu
  Price
  wakes
  up
  with
  a
  tattoo,
 which
 is
 identical
 to
 the
 one
 that
  Mike
  Tyson
  has
  on
  the
  left
  side
  of
  his
  face.
  Tyson’s
  tattoo
  artist
  S.
  Victor
  Whitmill
  filed
  a
  lawsuit
  against
  Warner
  Bros.
  Entertainment
  as
  he
  had
  attained
  a
  copyright
  for
  the
  eight-­?year-­?old
  “artwork
  on
  3-­?D”.
  He
  claimed
  that
  the
  use
  of
  his
  design
  in
  the
  movie
  and
  in
  advertisements
  without
  his
  consent
  was
  copyright
  infringement.
  Warner
  Bros.
  however
  saw
  it
  as
  falling
  under
  “fair
  use.”

  The
  judge
  on
  the
  case
  denied
  an
  injunction
  on
  the
  movie’s
  release,
  but
  that
 Whitmill
 still
 had
 a
 case.
 In
 order
 to
  avoid
  a
  longer
  trial,
  Warner
  Bros.
  said
  that
 it
 would
 be
 willing
 to
 digitally
 alter
  the
  film
  to
  show
  a
  different
  tattoo
  on
  Ed
  Helms’s
  face
  when
  the
  movie
  was
  released
  on
  home
  video.
  However
  Warner
  Bros.
  and
  Whitmill
  eventually
  came
  to
  an
  agreement
  of
  undisclosed
  terms.

  Isaac
  Newton
  v.
  Gottfried
  Wilhelm
  Leibniz
  In
 the
 early
 18th
 century,
 many
 credited
  Gottfried
  Wilhelm
  Leibniz
  with
  inventing
  the
  study
  of
  calculus;
  Leibniz
  had
  been
  the
  first
  to
  publish
  papers
  on
  the
 topic.
 But
 Isaac
 Newton
 published
 a
  book
 called
 Opticks
 in
 1704,
 in
 which
 he
  asserted
 himself
 as
 the
 father
 of
 calculus
  and
 a
 debate
 arose.
 Newton
 claimed
 that
  he
  wrote
  about
  the
  branch
  of
  mathematics
 in
 1665
 and
 1666,
 but
 only
  shared
  his
  work
  with
  a
  few
  colleagues
  and
  accused
  Leibniz
  of
  plagiarizing
  one
  of
  these
  early
  drafts.
  Leibniz
  died
  in
  1716
  before
  anything
  could
  be
  settled
  between
  the
  two.
  Today,
  however,
  historians
  agree
  that
  Newton
  and
  Leibniz
  were
  co-­?inventors,
  and
  came
  to
  the
 idea
 independently
 of
 each
 other.
  Plagiarism
  Plagiarism
  is
  copying
  without
  giving
  credit
  to
  author
  of
  the
  original
  work.
  Plagiarism
  does
  not
  actually
  exist
  in
  a
  legal
  sense
  and
  is
  an
  ethical
  offence
  rather
  than
  a
  criminal
  offence.
  Nevertheless
  if
  it
  infringes
  the
  copyright
  on
  another
  work,
  it
  is
  a
  crime.
  Giving
  credit
  is
  not
  a
  legal
  requirement
  in
  the
  Copyright
  Act
  and
  therefore
  not
  all
  plagiarism
  is
  copyright
  infringement.
  Likewise,
  it
  is
  possible
  to
  infringe
  copyright
  without
  plagiarising.
  In
  areas
  such
  as
  journalism,
  academia
  and
  the
  arts,
  plagiarism
  is
  considered
  a
  great
  moral
 offence
 and
 a
 breach
 of
 ethics.
  Famous
  plagiarism
  cases;

 Beyoncé
  There
 have
 been
 several
 occasions
 when
  Beyoncé
  has
  admitted
  copying
  other
  artists
  after
  speculations
  of
  plagiarism.
  Her
  Billboard
  2011
  Performance
  was
  widely
  praised
  for
  its
  creativity
  but
  has
  actually
  been
  accused
  of
  plagiarising
  a
  performance
  by
  an
  Italian
  musician
  called
  Lorella
  Cuccarini
  in
  2010
  as
  the
  performances
 contain
 many
 similarities.
  She
  was
  also
  criticised
  for
  copying
  dances
  choreographed
  by
  the
  Belgian
  choreographer
  Anne
  Teresa
  De
  Keersmaeker’s
  in
  her
  music
  video
  for
  her
  2011
  single
  ‘Countdown’
  as
  well
  as
  Bob
  Fosse’s
  1969
  dance
  routine
  ‘Mexican
  Breakfast’
  in
  her
  2008
  music
  video
 for
 Single
 Ladies.

  Issue
 01

 Autumn
 2013

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