Plumbing Africa January 2019 | Page 46

44 FEATURES A pipe isn’t just a pipe For as long as cities have been built, we have been installing plumbing of some kind. From the terracotta pipes of Babylon back in 4000 BCE, the profession’s simplest component, the pipe, has come a long way. Here we look at a few of the options, and speak to their advantages, disadvantages, and what technological advancements have been made. By Warren Robertson CAST IRON While often considered outdated, cast iron pipes are making a comeback in some sectors internationally because, as well as being easy to install, with high durability that often outlasts the life of a building, it has two significant advantages over other forms of plumbing pipe. Firstly, cast iron does not burn, and does not emit gas when heated to temperatures normally encountered in structure fires. Secondly, cast iron is often referred to as the ‘quiet pipe’ because of its superior noise suppression. Studies have shown cast iron to be a superior product in controlling noise due to its density. This makes cast iron ideal for condominiums, hotels, health care facilities, and educational institutions pipe build up over time, restricting water flow and decreasing the water pressure in your home. This build-up can also impact water pressure in other parts of the pipe and cause leaks. GALVANISED STEEL Galvanised steel pipe is a steel pipe that has been coated with zinc. The intention was for the coating to protect the steel from corrosion. While it is most commonly used for outdoor construction like fences and handrails, it is still found in a significant number of homes as interior plumbing. COPPER PIPING Worldwide, copper is one of the most popular plumbing materials on offer. It delivers long-term durability and stability, doesn’t rust, and is soft enough to resist shattering upon impact — copper pipes can even be used outdoors in both above and underground settings. Rust is caused by the iron in steel reacting with oxygen and water, which then leads to the object deteriorating. Galvanised pipes remain less expensive than copper and are more durable than plastic. Use of these kinds of pipes have largely been abandoned around the world due to the fact that when they do eventually start corroding, these pipes can cause lead to leach into the water, which is poisonous. Another tricky aspect to galvanised pipes is that while they may appear fine on the outside, they could be corroding on the inside. The deposits along the interior of the January 2019 Volume 25 I Number 1 BRASS PIPING Brass is an alloy of zinc and copper and is one of the most common materials used in pipe fittings. Brass is very corrosive resistant and easily manufactured, making it possible to create brass pipe fittings in any type, size, or shape. Brass pipe fittings do not rust and are much easier to thread and bend than steel and iron. Probably their most well-known properties, however, are their strength and excellent ductility in high temperatures. Copper can handle extreme conditions of more than 1 000 pounds per square inch (psi) of pressure, even though normal system pressure is about 50–80psi. Copper tube is both light and rigid and as such, it does not sag over long runs and requires fewer supports. Copper capillary fittings yield smooth, neat, strong, and leakproof joints that do not break down or pull apart when properly made. Copper is impermeable and biostatic: Contaminants cannot penetrate it, and it actually inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. www.plumbingafrica.co.za