NTU Undergraduates' research April 2014 - Biosciences | Page 88

Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing is the process of identifying an entire genome of an
organism, including its entire DNA. Knowing the genome of an organism allows for
identification of genes that encode certain characteristics. This possibility is
hypothesized to improve the detection and control of disease outbreaks. Identifying
rare bacterial strains and unusual genetic variations would allow for better diagnosis
and treatment. In this dissertation, 4 outbreak investigations revolving around the
use of whole genome sequencing were reviewed. After analysis of the investigations,
it is clear that whole-genome sequencing has the potential to play an influential role
in disease outbreak management, in many different aspects. These include
transmission pathways, recommended treatment and diagnosis of unusual strain
variants. The only limitation on whole-genome sequencing to be used in a clinical
setting is the cost and turnaround time for results. Both of these are constantly
being reduced as companies compete with creating better sequencing methods.