International Journal on Criminology • Volume 8 , Number 1 • Winter 2020 / 2021
Illicit Flows And Trafficking Southern Europe- Maghreb : A Geopolitical and Criminological Perspective
Dr . Hanan Benyagoub
Lecturer in law at Algier ’ s University
Xavier Raufer
Senior research fellow at the CNAM Paris ESD R3C
Abstract
Illicit trade is a serious problem for the international community . Globalization has gone through it — even if it is not the most visible one . Although this study focuses on a given geographical area — Southern Europe , the Maghreb and beyond , the Sahel region — it must be clearly seen , and seen beforehand , that this area , although immense , is only one link in a chain of trafficking of all kinds , strictly speaking transcontinental , and that it extends from Hong Kong and Guangzhou in the east to the Gulf of Guinea in the west , via Central Asia , the Black Sea , the Gulf , Anatolia , and the Balkans .
It is an immense trade route that is both “ grey ” ( smuggled legal objects , tobacco , small electronics , etc .) and “ black ” ( drugs , human trafficking , etc .) at the same time ; a continuous chain that has existed sometimes for centuries (“ Route of the Sultans ,” “ Route of the Balkans ,” “ Trabendo ” route ) whose human elements are inextricably intertwined : smugglers , bandits , pimps , Islamists — separately or together ( the “ hybrids ”).
Keywords : illicit trade , globalization , Sahel , Europe , Maghreb , trafficking
Flujos y tráfico ilícitos Europa del Sur-Magreb : Una perspectiva geopolítica y criminológica
Resumen
El comercio ilícito es un problema grave para la comunidad internacional . La globalización la ha atravesado , aunque no sea la más
47 doi : 10.18278 / ijc . 8.1.6