INGENIEUR
INGENIEUR
development cycle . One approach is to use specific HFE design standards that contain measurable criteria . However , a one-size-fits-all approach may not reflect the characteristics of a particular workforce that can lead to HF issues in the long run . Therefore , many companies have started to develop their own internal HFE specifications , taking into account the local regulations , workforce variability and lessons learnt from past incidents . The use of a targeted HFE specification with the HFE framework is essential for better design outcomes and HF inclusions . Meanwhile in Malaysia , PETRONAS has taken progressive steps to emphasise human factors when designing new facilities and upgrading existing ones . PETRONAS is implementing their internal HF standards currently .
PUTTING INTO PRACTICE
The integration of HFE principles into major projects in the Malaysian O & G industry , includes providing guidance to designers and operators . HFE principles and methods are important throughout the facilities ' lifecycle , and two lists [ 7,18 ] of HFE activities and tools have been developed . However , systematic integration and implementation have been sporadic due to the lack of a universal implementation formula . Five elements have been identified for achieving effective HFE practice ( Management Assurance , Expertise Allocation , Structured Process , Outcomes Measurement and Sharing Best Practices ). The current practices and experiences of industrial participants during the three general facilities lifecycle phases of engineering design , construction , and operation is reviewed in this article .
1 . Engineering Design The importance of integrating human factors engineering ( HFE ) into the engineering design process to optimise solutions and achieve lower risks in the subsequent phases of facility development is detailed here . The lack of consistent implementation of HFE compared to other traditional disciplines is highlighted , and the need for improved communication between users and designers is emphasised [ 19 ]. HFfocused design reviews are identified as a key activity for completion during the design phase , particularly in control rooms where errors can have catastrophic consequences [ 20 , 21 ]. The development of ergonomic guideline documents or HFE specifications is also discussed as a means of communicating appropriate information to all stakeholders . While a consensus regarding the practice of HFE in the engineering design process has yet to be achieved , this article encourages attempts to promote optimised resource utilisation and cohesive HFE application .
2 . Construction The use of HFE in building design to create a safer and more effective structure is covered here . The primary objective is to use experienced employees and checklists to identify and reduce potential dangers during the design phase . The evaluation of HFE compliance during the building stage and assistance with commissioning and start-up procedures make up the second objective . This entails reviewing processes to make sure that the HFE design intents are being met and are making the most of improvement opportunities [ 22 ]. Employing HF principles throughout the construction phase allows for the identification and mitigation of possible risks before they endanger the safety of the workforce , resulting in a safer and more productive building process and better project outcomes .
3 . Operation In order to improve future facility design , engineering , or project management , the value of operational input in the human factors engineering ( HFE ) process is vital . Case studies , accident investigation reports , and emergency responses can all provide feedback , which should be controlled using the right performance criteria [ 24 ]. In order to avoid human error , this article further recommends using IT-based safety management systems and technological automation in the PTW issuance process [ 23 ]. The significance of paying close attention to HF in offshore decommissioning operations is emphasised .
GENERAL COMMENTS
This article has emphasised the importance of Human Factors Engineering ( HFE ) in ensuring
32 VOL 96 OCTOBER-DECEMBER 2023