Figure 2 : Proposed streamlined HFE integration plan
safety and efficiency in the oil and gas facilities . It supports the need for the integration of HFE in the facility design , construction , and operation phases . The lack of studies and resources on HFE in developing regions including Malaysia is understood , and the importance of promoting awareness of HFE is stressed . A streamlined approach is suggested in HFE integration ( see Figure 2 ) [ 25 ], including the involvement of HF professionals from the project ' s inception , userfriendly technical standards , and training . The significance of HFE in the Malaysian offshore oil and gas industry is highlighted , where HFE is critical due to the high safety risks and capital investment involved . HFE is essential for good design and highlights the importance of continued monitoring and review to ensure safe and effective operations .
CONCLUSION
This article explains how human factors engineering ( HFE ) is integrated into the oil and gas sector at various project stages , but it also recognises the need for a uniform strategy around the world and particularly in Malaysia to assure safety and health .
REFERENCE
[ 1 ] International Ergonomics Association . ( 2017 , 26 / 01 / 2018 ). Definition and Domains of Ergonomics . Available : http :// www . iea . cc / whats / index . html
[ 2 ] International Association of Oil & Gas Producers , “ Human factors engineering in projects ,” 2011 .
[ 3 ] S . O . Johnsen , S . S . Kilskar , and K . R . Fossum , “ Missing focus on Human Factors - organizational and cognitive ergonomics - in the safety management for the petroleum industry ,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part O-Journal of Risk and Reliability , vol . 231 , pp . 400-410 , Aug 2017 .
[ 4 ] K . R . Boff , “ Revolutions and shifting paradigms in human factors & ergonomics ,” Applied Ergonomics vol . 37 , pp . 391 – 399 , 2006 .
[ 5 ] E . Hollnagel , “ Human factors / ergonomics as a systems discipline ? “ The human use of human beings ” revisited ,” Applied Ergonomics , vol . 45 , pp . 40-44 , 2014 .
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