[ balance of plant ]
Engineering
Balance of System – Equipment
Civil
Balance of Plant – Bulks
Construction indirects
Compressors
Electrical
Stack
Fig . 3 . CAPEX relative costs by category : an Illustrative breakdown for systems ranging from 10 MW to 1 GW , designed by Ramboll in
2023 2
Cooling system Cooling systems play a pivotal role in the production of green hydrogen , particularly during the Alkaline Electrolysis Cell ( AEC ) and Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Cell ( PEMEC ) stages . The heat generated during these processes can lead to damage and reduced efficiency if not properly managed . By utilizing a combination of coolants , heat exchangers , and advanced cooling techniques , such as liquid cooling , these systems ensure the electrolyser operates within the optimal temperature range . This not only contributes to the stability and durability of the components but also enhances the overall efficiency of the hydrogen production process . Maintaining the correct operating temperature is essential for the long-term success and sustainability of green hydrogen as a clean energy source .
Nitrogen and air supply Ensuring the proper operation of a green hydrogen plant involves precise management of nitrogen and air supply . Nitrogen , often used as a purging gas , helps maintain a non-reactive atmosphere , crucial for the safety and efficiency of the hydrogen production process . Air supply , on the other hand , is used for the instrumentation of much of the plant ’ s equipment . Policies and guidelines , such as those suggested by IRENA , provide a framework for optimizing operations , addressing challenges like integrating sustainable electricity sources and managing the hydrogen supply chain .
Further purifier / dryer equipment In the context of green hydrogen production , purifiers and dryers play a crucial role in ensuring the quality and efficiency of the operation . Purification systems , such as Pressure Swing Adsorption ( PSA ) technology , are used to separate hydrogen from other gases produced during electrolysis . Dryers , on the other hand , remove moisture from the hydrogen gas , which is essential for preventing corrosion and maintaining the integrity of the infrastructure . These elements are important to consider when designing or upgrading a green hydrogen plant to ensure its optimal operation , longevity , and delivery of hydrogen with the correct specification to the off-taker .
Compressors Compressors are a critical component in hydrogen plants , ensuring the delivery of hydrogen at the required specifications for the off-taker . The type of compressor used can significantly influence both CAPEX and OPEX of a hydrogen plant .
Several types of compressors are used in hydrogen plants , including reciprocating piston compressors , screw compressors , and diaphragm compressors . Each type has its own set of characteristics that can impact the overall costs of a hydrogen plant . For instance , reciprocating piston compressors are widely used and are known for their reliability and efficiency in highpressure applications . Screw compressors , on the other hand , are more suitable for lower pressure ranges and can offer economic advantages , especially with increasing volume flows and fluctuating operating conditions .
Hydrogen Tech World | Issue 15 | April 2024 15