[ balance of plant ]
High-voltage transformers and power connection The electrical power connection requirements for hydrogen plants vary based on the plant ’ s size , operational needs , and the country ’ s available power infrastructure . For instance , a 10 MW plant in Denmark typically connects at 10 kV , while a 1 GW plant may connect at 400 kV . As hydrogen projects scale , specialized electrical designs are required to manage costs and incorporate additional components like transformers and switchgear . Switchgear plays a crucial role in the safe and efficient operation of a hydrogen electrolysis plant , managing and protecting the power distribution system and ensuring a stable electricity supply . It encompasses various types of switchgear for power supply , distribution , control , and protection , as well as communication and monitoring systems for data and remote control . These systems are essential for safety , particularly given hydrogen ’ s flammability . It is important to note that the costs for additional
power requirements , such as large transformers and extra switchgear , are not typically included in the initial capital expenditure ( CAPEX ) estimates .
Water treatment plant The water electrolysis process for hydrogen production requires high-quality water to prevent contamination and undesired byproducts . Different water sources , such as groundwater , surface water , and seawater , necessitate varying pretreatment methods due to their distinct mineral and contaminant profiles . The volume of water required for treatment varies by source , with ratios indicating that more raw water is needed to produce ultrapure water essential for electrolysis . The treatment process typically includes a pre-treatment phase and a polishing step , determined by the water source and electrolyser technology , respectively . This process may involve multiple stages , including filtration , aeration , UV treatment , desalination , softening , demineralization , degassing , and polishing through Electrodeionization ( EDI ).
2 Balance of the plant
Power connection : Transformers and switchgear
Cooling systems Compressors
Water treatment plant
Storage system Nitrogen
Fig . 2 . General components of the BoP in a hydrogen plant . Compressors and the storage system are highlighted with dotted lines to indicate optional use in some plants . 1
14 Hydrogen Tech World | Issue 15 | April 2024