[ balance of plant ]
( individual cells combined for the electrolysis reaction ) and units ( assemblies of these stacks ). The balance of system ( BoS ) encompasses additional elements essential for the electrolyser ’ s operation , such as transformers and rectifiers for AC to DC power conversion , and a control system for process management .
Civil works , including construction of equipment housing , lighting installation , and access road development , are also vital .
The control system is an overarching element that ensures all parts of the plant operate harmoniously and efficiently . It monitors and adjusts the processes within the electrolyser system and the BoP to maintain optimal performance .
The balance of plant ( BoP ) is a broad term encompassing the subsystems necessary for the plant ’ s operation , such as high-voltage transformers for power level adjustments , a water treatment plant for purifying water for electrolysis , and cooling systems to dissipate heat generated during the process , especially in low-temperature electrolysis technologies .
Also critical are nitrogen and air supply systems for creating an inert atmosphere when needed and meeting various operational requirements . Compressors are used to increase the pressure of the hydrogen gas for the end user , storage , or transport . Lastly , hydrogen storage is an essential part of the infrastructure , allowing for the accumulation of produced hydrogen until it is needed by the off-taker .
Each component is crucial for the efficient and sustainable operation of a green hydrogen plant , necessitating careful integration . This article will delve into the specifics of BoP components , offering insights into their importance and integration for effective plant operation .
Balance of plant : understanding the inner workings
To meet off-taker specifications , a hydrogen production plant must integrate several components , ensuring hydrogen purity , correct pressure , and suitable temperature for transport and usage . Figure 2 highlights key BoP components , emphasizing the necessity of compressors and storage systems , which vary in need across hydrogen plants .
H 2 plant
1 x � Electrolyser system
2 y � Electrolyser unit
Balance of the plant : water treatment plant , nitrogen supply , compressors , storage , cooling systems , power connection , etc .
z � Stacks |
Balance of the stacks : connectors , piping , etc . |
Balance of the system : gas separator , scrubber , gas purifier , piping , etc . |
3
4
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Control system |
Control system |
Power Electronics : rectifiers and / or transformers |
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Civil infrastructure : buildings , lights , access roads |
Fig . 1 . Flow diagram of major streams and components in a green hydrogen production plant 1
Hydrogen Tech World | Issue 15 | April 2024 13