13th European Conference on eGovernment – ECEG 2013 1 | Page 53

Leonidas Anthopoulos and Panos Fitsilis

Moreover , this investigation identified the following types of e‐services that have or are being offered by the examined cases ( Table 2 ):

• E‐Government services concern public complaints , administrative procedures at local and at national level , job searches and public procurement ( they are faced in Digital , Smart and Ubiquitous approaches ).

• E‐democracy services perform dialogue , consultation , polling and voting about issues of common interests in the city area ( they are offered by Virtual , Digital , Smart and Ubiquitous approaches ).

• E‐Business services mainly support business installation , while they enable digital marketplaces and tourist guides ( met in Digital and Smart city approaches ).

• E‐health and tele‐care services offer distant support to particular groups of citizens such as the elderly , civilians with diseases etc . ( appear in Digital and Smart city approaches ).

• E‐Security services support public safety via amber‐alert notifications , school monitoring , natural hazard management etc . ( only available in Ubiquitous approaches ).

• Environmental services contain public information about recycling , while they support households and enterprises in waste / energy / water management . Moreover , they deliver data to the State for monitoring and for decision making on environmental conditions such as for microclimate , pollution , noise , traffic etc . ( met in Ubiquitous and Eco‐city approaches ).

• Intelligent Transportation supports the improvement of the quality of life in the city , while it offers tools for traffic monitoring , measurement and optimization ( delivered in Digital and Smart city approaches ).

• Communication services such as broadband connectivity , digital TV etc . ( offered by Broadband , Mobile , Digital , Smart and Ubiquitous approaches ).

• E‐learning and e‐education services ( available in Smart and Digital city approaches ). Table 2 : E‐services that are being offered by smart cities

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