Современные проблемы сервиса и туризма 2015_v.9_#4 | Page 14

Современные проблемы сервиса и туризма

№ 4/2015   Том 9

Oleg E. Afanasiev1, Valeria V. Volkhina2
Russian State University of Tourism and Service (Moscow, Russia);
1
PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Geography; 2 student

THE ROLE, SIGNIFICANCE AND FUNCTIONS OF SKANSEN
AS A TOURISM RESOURCE OF TERRITORY AND REPRESENTANTS
OF NATIONAL TRADITIONS OF NATURE-USE
The article deals with the concept, function and significance of ethnographic open-air museums – ​skansen. Such type of
museum represents regional types of nature-use, and is important components of the tourism industry. Ethnic traditions
of nature-use appeared as a result of long historical process formation and development of the Russia peoples. Skansens is the museum institutions, which allow to get acquainted with it, and in concentrated form contribute to disclose
the characteristics of the regional mentality, differences in material culture. The article notes that the skansens are a
specific kind of more comprehensive on composition group of open-air museums. Only a museum that represents characteristics, traditions and cultural components of a particular nation or region through specially organized exhibition of
traditional architectural complexes in the open air on the basis of ethnicity is a skansen.
All open-air museums have certain properties, perform appropriate roles and functions. They complete particular tasks,
the main among which is the preservation of interesting authentic monuments and the creation of conditions for free
access of the general public to the objects through their tourism use.
Today in Russia there are more than 20 skansens. «Kizhi» and «Small Korely» are the largest. But the lack of a common
point of view on the term «skansen» is reason for the absence of any statistics in this area. Therefore, determination the
criteria and the development of a database of skansens are the urgent tasks for today. Article describes the attempt to
create such database. It includes information about 26 facilities, which can be considered a classical skansen. Problems
and deficiencies of Russian skansens are revealed during the creation of the database; opportunities of using the information about ethnomuseums in tourism are considered. The proposed measures are intended to solve the problem of
promoting ethnomuseums on domestic tourism market and attract new visitors. On the base of geographical analysis
five characteristics of Russian skansens and aspects of their distribution across the country have been identified. It is
indicated that the creation of open-air museums in all regional, provincial and republican centers at the local history
museums as an extension of their exhibitions is an urgent task. This will expand opportunities for development of domestic tourism in Russia on the ethnic basis that is determined as priority.
Keywords: skansen, open-air museum, history of regional nature-use, skansen as tourism destination, skansens of Russia.

References:

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