БҚМУ жаршысы - Вестник ЗКГУ ЗКГУ. Вестник, 1-2019 | Seite 363

БҚМУ Хабаршы №1-2019ж.
(pollution level). On the other hand in some works the community (multispecies)
structure was used in bioindication of natural environments. Rajski [45; 46; 47]
analyzed the habitat preferences of Oribatida and defined so-called synusiae that were
found in specific floristic assemblages e.g. Limnozetes ciliatusin Sphagnum,
Chamobates borealisin Dicrano Pinon and Ceratozetesme diocrisin Molinietum
caerulae. Moreover e.g. Platyseius italicus or some species of Cheiroseius could be
regarded as indicator species of wet habitats (see also Mites in humidity/habitat
gradient section) and similarly Punctoribates hexagonus can be regarded as typical
halophile [48]. Moreover the relatively high abundance of Rhodacarellus silesiacus in
the soil of Fraxino-Alnetum and Populetumalbae in the seasonally flooded area of
Vistula River (Poland) is indicative and shows the response of this species which result
from the transformation of these habitats from a riparian forest into an oak-hornbeam
forest [49].
Mites in the ecotone zones. Ecotone zones are important and extremely
interesting ecological objects. As the ecotoneis a zone of permeation of two adjacent
ecosystems it is characterized with its own ecological conditions that are not a simple
sum of environments in adjacent habitats [50]. The ecotone effect as a result of
ecological tension and presence of several different ecological niches within
transitional zone, can be either neutral for specific taxa or influence on the fauna as
impassable border, filtering zone or provide the best place to live when compared with
surrounding habitats[51].
In the transitional zone between wheat and barley crops consisted of blackthorn
thickets and adjacent microhabitats it was found that abundance of Gamasida was
relatively low in plots located within crops and also low in the center of blackthorn
thickets but increased in the plot adjacent to blackthorn which was also found in case
of Shannon-Weaver species diversity index [19]. In BagnoStawek Reserve it was
found that not only the transitional zone between two adjacent habitats but also
relatively narrow habitat between two other and broader habitats can be regarded as
ecotone zone as it was found in the moist pine forest between the habitats of the Scots
pine forest and the wet pine forest as well as in the raised mire between thewet pine
forest and the transitional fen [10; 52]. In the first of above-mentioned transitional
habitats the ecotone zone influenced on the parameters at the order and species (V.
nemorensis) level, while in the latter example some species could be regarded as
ecotone-specific (Uropodamisella and Uroobovella minima) which could be an
explanation of their relative rarity. In the ecotone zone between birch and Scots pine
forests the Rhodacarus coronatus was evidently more abundant in boundary zone
while in adjacent forests other species dominated. In this work it was also concluded
that oribatid mites are better indicators of the ecotone effect than gamasid mites.
Interesting results were also obtained during studies in the ecotone zones between
forest islands and crops. Seniczak et al. [26] found that ecotone zone between spinney
and alfalfa field influenced on the species richness and abundance of both Oribatida
and Gamasida and similar results were found in the ecotone zone between spinney and
rape field as well as between spinney and meadow [17; 20].
Remarks on Mesostigmata zoogeography and dynamics of mite communities.
The mite biodiversity can also be analyzed with a focus on the zoogeographical factors
as well as with the use of multi-sampling approach in a relatively short time studies
thus showing change of biodiversity as a result of community dynamics.
Interesting zoogeographical studies were performed on the Zerconidae. This
well studied family is distributed only in Holarctic with evidently more genera found
on the edges of this region which could be regarded as a result of peripatric speciation
(on the western verge of Nearctic and eastern verge of Palearctic) [11]. Formerly the
genus Echinozercon was regarded as interesting example of circum-pacific distribution,
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