West Virginia Executive Summer 2018 | Page 65

SAMANTHA CART The Climate Change Question How Do We Protect Our Infrastructure? West Virginia’s ring has housed many opponents—un- employment, population loss, a struggling economy and an opioid crisis, just to name a few. However, like many other states, West Virginia’s laundry list of needs includes another woe that doesn’t receive nearly as much attention—outdated and neglected infrastructure. While this is a vast and costly problem in and of itself, an outside force is bringing the Mountain State’s—and the coun- try’s—aging infrastructure to the forefront of political, eco- nomic, scientific and community conversations: climate change. Asking the Experts On June 12, Spilman Thomas & Battle, PLLC hosted Con- versations on Climate Change, a panel discussion focused on fostering a thought-provoking dialogue on man’s role in the warming of Earth’s atmosphere. Nicholas Preservati, member and co-chair of the energy practice group at Spilman, moder- ated the panel and presented opening remarks. “This event is not a discussion or debate on the existence of climate change,” he explained at the event. “The position we’ve asked our panelists to acknowledge is that climate change is real and has been real for millions of years. The question is, to what extent are man-made CO 2 emissions accelerating that process.” The panelists for the event were Dr. Judith Curry, president and co-founder of Climate Forecast Applications Network and former chair of the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Georgia Institute of Technology; Dr. Michael Mann, dis- tinguished professor of atmospheric science at Penn State Uni- versity and co-author of “The Madhouse Effect: How Climate Change is Threatening Our Planet, Destroying Our Politics and Driving Us Crazy;” Dr. Patrick Moore, co-founder and former president of Greenpeace Canada; and Dr. David Titley, professor and director of the Center for Solutions to Weather and Climate Risk at Penn State University. Each of the panelists presented alternative views to man’s role in rising CO 2 emissions and whether or not it is a cause for concern. Each side was also concerned with the effects of climate change on infrastructure—albeit not in the same way. While infrastructure might call to mind roads, bridges and buildings specifically, it actually encompasses a wide array of areas, including banking, broadband, education, workforce development, health care and entrepreneurship. Mann and Titley discussed the negative effects and potential national security breach caused by the rise in sea levels, heavy rains and extreme heat, and Curry, Moore and Titley discussed the human and business costs of divesting in fossil fuels. Weighing these costs is a huge burden on local, state and national leaders. According to Curry, the scientific community does not yet have a unified theory on climate variability and change that integrates all existing data and models in a pre- dictive sense, yet the opinion of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is that the warming trend of the past century is dangerous and unprecedented. Protecting Our Structures and Security According to Mann, a highly cited researcher who has written for the IPCC, the level of CO 2 in Earth’s atmosphere reached 410 parts per million in June, a significant and worrisome occurrence. “This is the highest concentration ever measured, and based on evidence from ice cores and other paleoclimate archives, this level of CO 2 in the atmosphere appears to be unprecedented in at least 3-5 million years,” he says. “That tells us that we are engaged in an uncontrolled and dangerous experiment with the only planet we know that can support us and other life.” This increase in temperature is thought to be the cause of many extreme weather events, including West Virginia’s 2016 thousand-years flood, the aftermath of which serves as a recent example of the state’s fragile infrastructure. “Warmer air holds more moisture so you can get more in- tense rainfall and a greater likelihood of flooding events,” says Mann. “The fact that we’re seeing so many of these events now in West Virginia and elsewhere around the U.S. and the world tells us the impacts of climate change are no longer subtle. We see their damaging impacts playing out in real time.” In a small, economically challenged state, the question re- mains: how can West Virginia take on the necessary changes and costs associated with preparing its infrastructure for the effects of climate change? “The state of West Virginia could convene a group of hydrologists and civil engineers, emergency managers, key WWW.WVEXECUTIVE.COM SUMMER 2018 63