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Prediction and Prevention of Wildfires

2.6 PREDICTIVE SERVICES 15

Predictive Services was developed to provide decision support information needed to be more proactive in anticipating significant fire activity and determining resource allocation needs . Predictive Services consist of three primary functions : fire weather , fire danger / fuels , and intelligence / resource status information . Predictive Service staff units are located at the National Interagency Coordination Center ( NICC ) and the Geographic Area Coordination Centers ( GACCs ) across the country .
Table 2-1 below lists multiple AI / ML models 16 that are available or being developed for predicting wildfire accurately .
Data Data Type Sources
Fire History
Shape file
Fire and Resource Assessment Program ( FRAP ), CAL Fire , United States Forest ( MSDA Project , Service region , Bureau of Land Management and National Park Service .
Weather
Censor data ( CSV file )
Climate Data Online ( CDO ) and Local
Climatology Data ( LCD ).
Vegetation
Remote-sensing satellite data
Landsat 8 satellite using Google Earth
Engine ( GEE ).
Powerline
Sensor Data
Acquired through multiple
sources / sensors .
Terrain DEM file United States Geological Service ( USGS ).
Satellite
Images / Blobs
Satellite data is also critical for observing and monitoring smoke from fires . This information helps firefighting efforts from the air and enables better air quality
forecasts .
It
can
monitor
the
concentration of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere , such as aerosols , water
vapor , carbon monoxide ( CO ), carbon
dioxide ( CO2 ) and methane .
Table 2-1 : AI / ML models 17 that are available or being developed for predicting wildfire accurately .
15 https :// www . predictiveservices . nifc . gov / predictive . htm
16 https :// www . mdpi . com / 2073-4433 / 12 / 1 / 109 / htm
17 https :// www . mdpi . com / 2073-4433 / 12 / 1 / 109 / htm Journal of Innovation 123