Spring 2026 · Torch: U.S. · ACTA DIURNA
22
The Romans founded the Acta Diurna, or “Events of the Day,” as a precursor to the modern newspaper. Alternatively known as Acta Populi and Acta Publica, this daily gazette detailed official business, assemblies, and other public events of interest throughout the Roman Empire. The publication contained both government matters and private matters such as marriages.
The Roman government created and used the Acta Diurna in the second century BCE. However, the Acta Diurna is often attributed to Julius Caesar around 59 BCE, as he was the first to make this gazette available to the public. Through whitened boards known as albums and metal tablets, people were able to see this publication in the Roman Forum. In the early years, the Acta Diurna included the results of trials and legal proceedings. As the newsletter evolved, it later came to cover notices which involved people’s births and deaths. For those interested in sports, the publication also covered the results of chariot races and gladiatorial combats in the Circus Maximus.
The Romans continued using the Acta Diurna for almost 400 years. Around 330 CE, the gazette ceased as Constantine I moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople, formerly known as Byzantium.
EARLIEST
NEWSPAPER
Acta Diurna
Olivia Chen, 2025-2026 NJCL Editor
A Roman citizen reads the Acta Diurna.