The Scientist September 2013 | 页面 4

How She Did It

4

Marie Curie was extremely dedicated

to earning a doctorates degree set aside

the common belief that a married woman

shouldn't be suitable to earn such a

degree. Her only trouble is that she wasn't

exactly sure what to research into.

Marie was very habitual on reading

scientific publications. One day in 1895

she happened to come across an article

about Wilhelm Rontgen's discovery of

X-rays. Then she learned of Henri

Becquerel's noting of the different

kinds of mysterious rays.

Curie built on Becquerrel's

observations of the element Uranium. At

first she believed that the rays were

violating a basic law of thermodynamics:

the conservation of energy. Then she

decided to post the far fetched hypothesis

that the rays may be a more basic property

of the uranium atoms. This would imply

that the atom isn't the most elementary

particle. This was one huge step in

scientific discovery.

Then, in her experiments the intensity

of radiation was far greater than

expected based on the amounts of the

elements she knew to be in her samples.

Then she came up with the idea that there

was a strong unknown substance in the

minerals. She proposed this idea to Pierre

and they immediately responded with

more testing which led to their revolut

ionary discovery of radium and polonium

in 1898.

The discovery of radium changed everything