PAGE 06 THE OBSERVATORY
What Does This All Mean?
Overall Employment In 2024, Gibraltar recorded just over 31,000 jobs, with 56.2 % held by resident workers and 43.8 % by frontier workers, up from around 30 % frontier employment in 2012. Residency patterns differ clearly by nationality, with Gibraltarians and Other British workers predominantly resident, while Spanish and Other EU workers are largely frontier-based.
Full Time Employment Gender distribution varies sharply by sector, with the private sector employing around 80 % more men than women, the public sector employing around 12 % more women than men, and the MoD workforce remaining heavily male. Employment levels do not align consistently with pay, as the public sector shows the largest gender earnings difference, with average male earnings around 40 % higher, compared with around 22 % higher in the private sector. By nationality, larger groups such as Gibraltarians and Spanish workers account for most jobs, while smaller groups such as Other British and Other EU workers record higher average annual earnings, particularly among men. Across industries, average earnings and gender differences vary widely, with the largest gaps in Financial Intermediation and Electricity and Water Supply, and Construction among the few industries where average female earnings exceed male earnings.
Bottom Line
Across Gibraltar’ s labour market, average earnings for men are higher than for women in most sectors and industries, though the size of this difference varies widely depending on where people work. Earnings also differ by nationality, with larger workforce groups accounting for most jobs while higher average pay is often observed among smaller nationality groups, particularly among men.
Questions for readers to consider: Do the average earnings shown here reflect your own experience, based on your nationality, gender, or the industry you work in? How might these patterns appear different when viewed from the perspective of workers, employers, or policymakers? Are there any employment topics or questions raised here that you would like to see explored further?
All data used in this report is sourced from the Employment Survey Reports published by the Statistics Office, HM Government of Gibraltar.
All figures in this edition come from The Observatory’ s underlying dashboards.