own ideational parameters and basic assumptions . The same applies for the Marxist ideational comprehensive framework . It is due to this fundamental reason that price , value , profit and wage are social constructs , manufactured within and through conceptual-perception , conceptual-perception being the engine and repository of price , value , profit and wage determinations . For example , having the current government ’ s ear , pertaining to impending economic policy , is invaluable ( priceless ) in influencing a favorable outcome for one ’ s own sphere of production , when it comes to price , profit , wage and value . Such influence has the capacity to short-circuit any Marxian or capitalist notion of price , value , profit and wage as being based on scientifically quantifiable value and / or subject to an overarching , immutable , autonomous law of value . Hence , how creative-power and its capacity to influence conceptual-perception , in this instance via networking , can produce values , prices , wages and profits , that have nothing to do with the amount of socially necessary labor-time , embodied in a commodity , a service and / or a worker etc .
It is the fact that value in general , and in actuality , is devoid of set-limits , i . e . a scientifically determined finite total sum , which makes it so influential , so unpredictable and so crafty . Creative-power and its incessant yield , general-value , ooze surpluses of types and kinds that seep into price , value , profit and wage determinations via network-formations , management techniques and conceptual-perception , refashioning these concepts into new values and new forms , outside any scientifically quantifiable limit . The result is that creative-power , especially its unquantifiable value-production , has the capacity to nullify , suspend and / or manipulate the law of value , moreover , all notions of economic fairness , all notions of economic equality , all notions of prices of production , all notions of fair market value , all notions of fair market price , all notions of morality and all types of economic models etc . At best , economic models are educated guesses , and nothing otherwise , in the sense that market prices can always be artificially inflated above their prices of production , i . e . market values , through cartels , unions , enterprising alliances , cronyism-networks etc . to such an extent that these inflated market prices themselves become the prices of production , i . e . new elevated socially constructed market values . As Marx states , this reflects an “ an entire system of swindling and cheating with respect to the promotion of companies , issue of shares and share dealings ”[ 85 ], where even “ competition . . . is … retreating in the face of cartels and trusts ”[ 86 ], who themselves shape markets , market prices and prices of production , outside the finite parameters of socially necessary labor-time . In this regard , creative-power was always the true source of value within the capitalist modes of production , consumption and distribution , while , the emphasis on labor-power , although important , was always only a temporary substitute for creativepower , a temporary solution and / or stage of production , until a more sophisticated political-economic framework could be erected , namely , post-industrial , post-modern bourgeois-state-capitalism . That is , a stage of production where both scientifically quantifiable value , i . e . labor-power , and unquantifiable value , exist side by side within the exploitive capitalist processes of financial gain and socio-political power .
Examining this fact more closely , according to Marx , for example , the “ mutual advances by producers and merchants form the real basis of credit ”[ 87 ], which eventually culminates in the creation of the credit system . For Marx , “ credit , in its most simple expression , is the confidence which , well , or illfounded , leads a person to entrust another with a certain amount of capital , in money , or in goods computed at a value in money agreed upon , and in each case payable at the expiration of a fixed term ”[ 88 ]. Consequently , the foundation of credit and , in general , the credit system is mutuality , i . e . mutual advance agreed upon and / or socially constructed by two individuals , and confidence , namely the confidence in both the value of money , exchange and financial reciprocity , i . e . the assumption there will be repayment at a given set time , in addition to a whole host of other assumptions etc ., pertaining to the capitalist modes of production , consumption and distribution . First and foremost , confidence lies at the heart of the credit system using Marx ’ s own analysis and words , and confidence , i . e . the level of