The Leaf THE LEAF March-April 2019 | Page 26

World Health Organisation Recommends Reclassifying Marijuana Under International Treaties It had previously been the case that CBD wasn’t scheduled under the international conventions, but the new recommendation is to make that even more clear. Global health experts at the United Nations are recommending that marijuana and its key components be formally rescheduled under international drug treaties. The World Health Organisation (WHO) is calling for whole-plant marijuana, as well as cannabis resin, to be removed from Schedule IV—the most restrictive category of a 1961 drug convention signed by countries from around the world. The body also wants delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its isomers to be completely removed from a separate 1971 drug treaty and instead added to Schedule I of the 1961 convention, according to a WHO document that has not yet been formally released but was circulated by cannabis reform advocates. Marijuana and cannabis resin would also remain in Schedule I of the 1961 treaty—they are currently dual-designated in Schedules I and IV, with IV being reserved for those substances that are seen as particularly harmful with limited medical benefits. (That’s different from the U.S. federal system, under which Schedule I is where the supposedly most dangerous and restricted drugs—like marijuana, heroin and LSD—are classified.) WHO is also moving to make clear that cannabidiol and CBD-focused preparations containing no more than 0.2 percent THC are “not under international control” at all. Cannabis extracts and tinctures would be removed from Schedule I of the 1961 treaty under the recommendations, and compounded pharmaceutical preparations containing THC would be placed in Schedule III of that convention. The practical effects of the changes would be somewhat limited, in that they wouldn’t allow countries to legalise marijuana and still be in strict compliance with international treaties, but their political implications are hard to overstate. Taken together, recommendations, if adopted, would represent a formal recognition that the world’s governing bodies have effectively been wrong about marijuana’s harms and therapeutic benefits for decades. WHO’s new position comes at a time when a growing number of countries are moving to reform their cannabis policies. As such, a shift at the UN could embolden additional nations to scale back or repeal their prohibition laws—even though legalisation for non-medical or non-scientific reasons would still technically violate the global conventions. “The placement of cannabis in the 1961 treaty, in the absence of scientific evidence, was a terrible injustice,” said Michael Krawitz, a U.S. Air Force veteran and legalization advocate who has pushed for international reforms. “Today the World Health Organisation has gone a long way towards setting the record straight. “It is time for us all to support the World Health Organisation’s recommendations and ensure politics don’t trump science.”