The LEAF Jan/Feb 2016 | Page 20

Cannabis:  The  Super  Antibiotic  Of  The  Future…. “Without urgent, coordinated action, the world is headed for a post-antibiotic   era,”   Dr. Keiji Fukuda, the Assistant Director General  for  the  World  Health  Organization’s   Health Security department, said last year after the WHO released its first ever global report   on   antibiotic   resistance.   “Common   infections and minor injuries, which have been treatable for decades, can once again kill,”   he   continued,   explaining   how   antibiotic resistant bacteria are now one of the top health concerns of the world. The horrible irony is that the evolution of bacteria   into   “superbugs”   is   driven   in   large   part by the antibiotics that were designed to treat them in the first place. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) for example, which causes over 10,000 deaths each year, is a direct by-product of over-using antibiotics, which bred a stronger and more dangerous version of the common Staph aureus bacteria. MRSA, which infects open wounds and increases the chance of death in patients by over 60 percent according to the CDC, is now wreaking havoc in hospitals and other facilities where it can spread easily between people in close contact. A Game Changing Study In 2008, however, a first of its kind study conducted by a team of British and Italian researchers had already found that   one   of   the   world’s   most   commonly   cultivated plants could stop M RSA in its tracks: CANNABIS Specifically, the team tested five of cannabis’s   most   common   cannabinoids   against six different MRSA strains of “clinical   relevance”,   including   epidemic   EMRSA strains, which are the ones responsible for hospital outbreaks. They found that every single one of the cannabinoids   tested   showed   “potent   activity”   against   a   wide   variety   of   the   bacteria. Cannabinoids are substances unique to the cannabis plant that have wide-ranging medicinal properties: they fight cancer, reverse inflammation and act as powerful antioxidants. Now we know that they are also some of the most powerful antibiotics on earth. “Everything   points   towards   these   compounds having been evolved by the plants as antimicrobial defences that specifically   target   bacterial   cells,”   said   Simon Gibbons, one of the authors of the study and head of the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry at the University College London School of Pharmacy, in a follow up interview in the MIT Technological Review. Amazingly, the   cannabinoids   even   showed   “exceptional   activity”   against   a   strain   of   the   MRSA   that   had developed extra proteins for increased resistance to antibiotics, showing that cannabis remained effective despite the bacteria’s  adaptations “The   actual   mechanism   by   which   they   kill   the  bugs  is  still  a  mystery…”  said  Gibbons.   “I  really  cannot  hazard  a  guess  how  they  do   it, but their high potency as antibiotics suggests there must be a very specific mechanism. "The researchers recommend cannabis as the source of new and effective antibiotic products that can be used in institutional   settings   right   now.   “The   most   practical application of cannabinoids would be as topical agents to treat ulcers and wounds in a hospital environment, decreasing   the   burden   of   antibiotics,”   said   Giovanni   Appendino,   a   professor   at   Italy’s   Piemonte Orientale University and coauthor of the study. Since two of the most potently antibacterial cannabinoids were not psychoactive at all and appear in abundance in the common and fast-growing hemp plant, producing the antibiotics of the future could   be   quick   and   simple.   “What   this   means is, we could use fibre hemp plants that have no use as recreational drugs to