Type 1 diabetic patient are unable to produce their own insulin while
Type II diabetic patient develops insulin resistance cell
But more commonly, people will develop insulin resistance rather than a true deficiency of insulin. Evidence is presented that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results from a failure on the part of pancreatic beta-cells to compensate adequately for the defect in insulin action in insulin-resistant individuals.
Occasionally, people with type 2 diabetes will need insulin shots but most of the time other methods of treatment will be given. However, insulin therapy may also cause some side effects or adverse reactions which include hypoglycemia, weight gain and visual disturbances which will be discuss in details later.
It consist of alpha and beta chain of amino acid linked by 2-disulphide bonds.
Discovered by.... Frederick Banting, JJR Macleod and Charles Best
Sources :
1. Becton, Dickinson and Company, 2014, available: http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7243
2. James Norman, 18/10/2010, available at http://www.endocrineweb.com/guides/insulin/what-you-need-know-about-insulin
3. Reaven G.M. (1995) Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human disease, American Physiological Society Journal, 75(1), 473-486.