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adobe illustrator. Adobe Illustrator is a design application which allows you to create graphics using a vector format. Unlike pixels (the most common format), vectors are based on codes and algorithms, which allows for a high-resolution image that will look good even when scaled significantly. Here are some tips for beginners who want to begin using Illustrator: • Image Trace: If there is a pixel-based element you want to add to your document, select it and use the Image Trace panel to turn it into a vector element. If you wish to remove a section of this new element, select it and click on Expand, which will allow you to select each individual section if you double click the graphic. • Using pathfinder: Pathfinder is a set of tools that allows you to manipulate multiple paths or objects by combining them in different ways. Some of the main pathfinder functions are unite, intersect, divide, exclude, minus front, etc. Pathfinder is especially useful when you have made all your paths manually, as it will allow you to make sure they look well together. • Play with filters and transparency: Something that most people tend to ignore about Illustrator is that you have the ability to use filters and blending modes (like in Photoshop). In order to access these functions, open the Effects menu or go to: Window—>Transparency. • When in doubt, use the pen tool: Illustrator has many user-friendly tools, and beginners tend to be intimidated by the pen tool’s functionality; however, there will be countless instances when you will require a tool with more precision than shapes and brushes, so try to master the pen tool from the start. This tool is also useful with curvy and uneven objects, as you can manipulate paths without having to use the direct selection tool. page 12