The Communiqué Volume 5 | Page 10

THE MARITIME SILK ROAD TON VAN DEN BOSCH • • • • Educated in the Netherlands, Ton is qualified to practice in England and Wales and in the Netherlands. Ton previously served as general counsel for an international FPSO company and, more recently, a global terminal operator. Ton specialises in maritime infrastructure projects, including ports and terminals as well as offshore oil & gas projects (particularly FSRUs and FPSOs). Ton advises at all stages of the economic life-cycle, including on private m&a, corporate transactions, corporate finance, project finance and complex commercial agreements. Ton’s expertise integrates all aspects of floating solutions, LNG, ports and maritime infrastructure and he has particular expertise in frontier and emerging markets in Africa and in Asia. The Belt & Road initiative consist of two main components: the overland “Silk Road Economic Belt”’ and the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” (the “road” somewhat confusingly refers to the shipping lanes). It is the biggest infrastructure project in history and the aggregate investment is projected to exceed 1,2 trillion (that is 12 zeros!) US Dollars. Chinese companies are investing massive sums in the development of new infrastructure such as roads, ports, terminals and railways as well as in pipelines and other energy infrastructure. The objective of China is to stimulate trade and export (the construction of transportation infrastructure is combined with planned free-trade agreements with around 65 countries) and to link China with countries and markets in Asia, Africa and Europe. Furthermore, China seeks to enhance its energy security and there are strategic and geopolitical goals as well (such as for example China’s aim to reduce its dependence on the Strait of Malacca). It is relevant to remember that the Belt & Road initiative is neither development aid nor foreign direct investment by the Chinese government. Instead, it is a strategic framework and it is executed by state controlled financial institutions and companies such as for example China Merchants Port Holdings Company, the Shanghai International Port Group and COSCO. The Maritime Silk Road is having a dramatic impact on seaborne trade and on the port business. According to the Financial Times, China has invested $20bn in ports and terminals in the past 15 months or so, with acquisitions of interests in terminals in Sri Lanka, Spain, Belgium and Brazil and investments in projects in for example Djibouti, Oman, Gwadar in Pakistan and the East Coast Rail Line (ECRL) in Malaysia (linking Kuantan Port on Malaysia’s East coast to Port Klang on its West coast). The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road creates a network of ports in Asia, Africa and the Mediterranean and will redefine trade patterns between Asia and Europe. The impact on the transportation sector is enormous and will also be extremely relevant for the legal industry for years to come. As a Dutch citizen living in Singapore, I have always been intrigued by ports and global trade routes. The Netherlands established naval trade routes that opened the door to our modern-day global economy and throughout the centuries, it has been one of the world's leading trading nations. Singapore, with its strategic location on Strait of Malacca has been an entrepot trading post for centuries and is the world's 2nd busiest container port (after Shanghai).