A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SYSTEMIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH
PERIIMPLANT DISEASES
Mohammed Alshehri 1a*
¹Dental Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
BDS, AEGD, SSC-ARD, SF-DI, Consultant in Cosmetic Restorative and Implant Dentistry
a
Received: February 01, 2017
Revised: February 23, 2017
Accepted: March 06, 2017
Published: March 07, 2017
Academic Editor: Constantinus Politis, MD, DDS, MM, MHA, PhD, Professor and Chairperson, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Faculty of Medicine University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Cite this article:
Alshehri M. A comprehensive review of systemic factors associated with periimplant diseases. Stoma Edu J. 2017;4(1):39-45.
Abstract
Background: A variety of systemic factors have been associated with peri-implant diseases.
Objective: The aim of the present comprehensive review was to assess current literature regarding
the systemic factors associated with the etiology of peri-implant diseases.
Results: Both normal and premalignant oral mucosa cells (NOK and POE9i) displayed uptake
of PLGAChiNPs in a time and concentration-dependent manner, both in 2D and 3D models. A
higher and more rapid uptake of PLGAChi NPs by precancerous cell line POE9i was observed
when compared to NOKs. Interestingly, DPCs did not display internalized PLGAChi NPs, even at the
highest concentration of 200 g/mL.
Data source: Databases were searched till January 2017 using different combinations of the following
key words: “acquired immune deficiency syndrome”; “cancer”; “diabetes mellitus”; “genetic”; “peri-
implant diseases”; “peri-implantitis”, “renal”; and “risk-factors”.
Study selection: Clinical studies assessing the systemic factors associated with the etiology of peri-
implantitis were included. Letters to the Editor, case-reports, case-series, in-vitro studies, studies on
animal models and commentaries were excluded.
Data extraction: The pattern of the present comprehensive review was customized to primarily
summarize the pertinent information.
Data synthesis: Poorly-controlled diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for peri-implant
diseases; however, under optimal glycemic control dental implants can osseointegrate in patients
with DM. Osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis have been associated with peri-implant diseases;
however, implant surface modifications and optimal oral hygiene maintenance are essential
parameters that can facilitate osseointegration in these patients. Although irradiation is a significant
risk-factor for peri-implant diseases; studies have shown that osseointegration and survival of
implants is possible in cancer patients. There is a weak evidence that HIV infection is no more a
contradiction for implant therapy. Although systemic diseases are significant risk-factors for dental
implant failure, proper management of the systemic disorder and optimal oral hygiene may support
osseointegration and survival of dental implants in medically-compromised patients.
Keywords: acquired immune deficiency syndrome, cancer, diabetes mellitus, genetic, peri-implant
diseases.
1. Introduction
Although studies 1-3 have reported implant
success and survival rates of up to 100%; a
number of systemic factors have been reported
to jeopardize the success and survival of dental
ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY
implants. 4, 5 According to a consensus report from
the 6th European Workshop on Periodontology,
peri-implantitis is defined as the presence of
inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and
concurrent loss of supporting alveolar bone. 6
*Corresponding author:
Dr Mohammed Alshehri, BDS, AEGD, SSC-ARD, SF-DI, Dental Department, King Khalid, University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Tel/Fax: +96.655.380.333 / +966.114.672.428, e-mail: [email protected]
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