[ Lng ] higher than previously thought : it has been claimed LNG produced from shale gas produces 33 % more emissions than coal ( 4 ). These emissions occur during shale gas extraction , on LNG-fueled ships ( methane slip ) and during cargo unloading . Altogether , it turns that LNG-fueled ships emit more GHG than traditionally fueled ships ( 5 ). Does this mean LNG is not the way to go ? Climate activists persuaded President Biden to pause pending and future export licence applications , but this measure was blocked by a federal judge . However , technology can come to the rescue : for example . Wärtsilä is converting its dual-fuel engines to spark gas , thereby improving the combustion process . Other solutions , more costly and more long-term , would be to fuel ships with hydrogen or ammonia instead of LNG .
[ Lng ] higher than previously thought : it has been claimed LNG produced from shale gas produces 33 % more emissions than coal ( 4 ). These emissions occur during shale gas extraction , on LNG-fueled ships ( methane slip ) and during cargo unloading . Altogether , it turns that LNG-fueled ships emit more GHG than traditionally fueled ships ( 5 ). Does this mean LNG is not the way to go ? Climate activists persuaded President Biden to pause pending and future export licence applications , but this measure was blocked by a federal judge . However , technology can come to the rescue : for example . Wärtsilä is converting its dual-fuel engines to spark gas , thereby improving the combustion process . Other solutions , more costly and more long-term , would be to fuel ships with hydrogen or ammonia instead of LNG .
Exports Despite safety and emission concerns , in 2023 North America signed 21 export contracts , more than any other country . Present export capacity is set to double by 2028 . Five export projects are currently under construction – Plaquemines , Corpus Christi Stage III , Golden Pass , Rio Grande ( Phase I ), and Port Arthur ( Phase I ) – with others planned . In Canada , three terminals are under construction in British Columbia : Kitimat ( LNG Canada ), Woodfibre and Cedar FLNG . New Fortress Energy has started up its Fast LNG Altamira ( two FLNGs ) in Mexico and the Barcarena terminal in Brazil . A further liquefaction plant , Energía Costa Azul , is under construction in Mexico .
LNG Canada facility , Kitimat , November 2023 .
If the USA is important for Europe , Qatar ’ s markets lie mainly to the east . The country plans to increase its capacity by 85 % by 2030 to meet growing demand . QatarEnergy is expanding North Field East ( the world ’ s four largest four LNG trains ), with the help of Technip Energies and Chiyoda , and is planning to expand its North Field West field . The company recently ordered 18 ultra-large ( Q-Max class ) LNG carriers from a Chinese shipyard . Oman is adding an LNG train at its Qalhat Industrial Complex in South Sharqiyah Governorate , and Technip is building two trains at the Ruwais LNG in the UAE . Australia ’ s LNG construction has slowed in recent years , but the government
Shell ’ s LNG regasification terminal in Gibraltar . An inspector checks the gas pressure gauge of the evaporator . Photo : Shell . has said it plans to remain a reliable partner for LNG until 2050 . Woodside ’ s Scarborough gasfield is two-thirds complete and will start producing gas in 2026 . A new pipeline will connect to the Pluto facility , where a second train is being built . Santos ’ s Darwin LNG Life Extension project ( undertaken to process gas condensate from the Barossa field ) has been awarded to UGL .
Imports Asia is the largest LNG import market . In China , imports are expected to reach a record level in 2024 . In November 2023 Sinopec put into service the world ’ s largest LNG storage tank ( 270,000 cu m ) at Qingdao . So far in 2024 , four new terminals and two peak shaving and storage tanks have come on line . The second-highest regasification capacity additions in Asia from 2023 to 2027 are expected to occur in India . In June it was found that Indian imports had risen 11.4 % year on year . However , existing terminals are under-utilized . Hindustan Petroleum ’ s terminal at Chhara in Gujarat is expected to come online soon . Other countries planning or constructing terminals include Vietnam , Indonesia , Malaysia and Singapore . The Philippines unveiled its first integrated LNG facility at Batangas : an import terminal and two gas-fired plants . After Asia , the most important market is Europe , whose economy has been faltering because of higher energy costs . Russia is still exporting natural gas ( including LNG ) to Europe , but the EU is targeting a ban on Russian fuel imports by 2027 . As a country with a strong manufacturing sector , Germany
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