8. Decision-makers and practitioners must include political analysis in their
strategies and approaches to SSR processes; the SSR process needs to include
more than physical disarmament but also demilitarizing the national political
culture and the minds of those involved in acts of violence.
9. The international community, United Nations, and regional organizations need
improved capacity and strategies to be more effective in SSR. The regional
organizations should accept and comply with a common SSR framework.
10. The United Nations needs to: write SSR provisions more comprehensively
and coherently into its mandates; better balance mandates and resources within
its missions; address the disconnect between short-term peacekeeping needs
and long-term institutional reforms; clarify the division of labor among the UN
organizational departments and divisions; improve and increase technical
capacity and resources; use bilateral leads in SSR; improve accountability in the
UN staff and its member states.
11. SSR needs to be seen as a long-term commitment. Donors should commit
their support for at least ten years. International commitments and assistance
need to continue well beyond formal conclusion of peacekeeping missions.
12. SSR planning should precede DDR. DDR should be planned with an
awareness of future security constructs and defense and security personnel
planning and training requirements; DDR should be conducted, wherever
possible, on a regional instead of local or national basis; the international
community should emphasize more the reintegration of former fighters into
society and SSR.
13. Begin an SSR operation with an initial security needs assessment followed
as soon as possible by the development of a strategic framework; include broad
consultations in the needs assessment and designing the strategic framework;
agree on and insist on which organization(s) will lead the SSR operation;
promote coherence and coordination across national governmental departments
involved in SSR.
14. Strengthen justice and rule of law provisions in peace agreements; take into
account traditional and non-formal justice institutions.
15. Practitioners should explore the commonalities and differences between
transitional justice and SSR; find and integrate those things between the two that
can improve peace building.
16. Strengthen gender provisions in peace agreements and SSR programs.
17. Legislature/parliamentarian governance and oversight has to be
strengthened in step with security sector reforms.
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