SIRR March 2015 | Page 5

Weird Science: Energy from Scotch Whiskey? In this issue we will talk about the possibility of obtaining biofuels from scotch whiskey. Researchers in the University of Napier discovered that when they mix subproducts from malt fermentation like the “pot ale” (liquid residue on top of the pots) and “draft” (solid residue from the seeds), they can obtain ethanol, butanol and propanone (acetone) from a second fermentation. The mechanism consists of a simple alcoholic fermentation where the bacteria from the Clostridium species begin its vital metabolic process: ABE fermentation that gives as main product Butanol (C4H9OH), and as sub-products Acetone (C3H6O, IUPAC name 2-propanone), and Ethanol (C2H5OH), from simple sugars such as glucose. Why to use biofuels such as butanol? It can provide as much energy as common gasoline (29,2 MJ/L for butanol and 32 MJ/L for gasoline), mixed with small amounts of common fuels, bio-butanol can replace gasoline without needing to change the design of the engines because it is less corrosive than ethanol (widely used in Brazil and the US). Is it viable? Only in Scotland, 1600 million litres of “pot ale” and 500.000 tons of “draft” are produced. These two have a very low economic value, so the production of bio-fuels in big terms was considered by the National Geographic as valuable, and quoting their article: “this enterprise is determined to demonstrate that alcohol ad driving are not a bad couple”.