Pg.no. 36
5. Algae reproduce by
Vegetative reproduction
Asexual reproduction (Spores)
Sexual reproduction
Scalariform conjugation and lateral conjugation e.g., Spirogyra
By producing sex organs Antheridia and archegonia e.g., Chara
Classification of Algae:
Color
Pigment
Class
Reserve Food
Example
Blue
Phycocyanin
Cyanophyta
Cyanophycean
Starch
Oscillatoria
Green
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyta
Starch
Brown
Fucoxanthin
Phaeophyta
Laminarian
Starch
Chlamydomonos Sargassum
Red
Phycoerythrin
Rhodophyta
Floridean Starch
Polysiphonia
Uses of Algae:
1. Food:
The following algae are used as food by human being, domestic animals and fishes. e.g.,
Ulna, Laminaeia, Sargassurn, Chlorella.
2. Agar Agar:
This substance is obtained from the red algae e.g., Gelidium and Gracillaria.
It is used to make ice creams.
It is used as culture method medium for growing plants in test tube (Tissue Culture)
3. Iodine:
It is obtained from Laminaria brown algae.
4. Algae in space travel:
Chlorella pyrenoidosa is used in space travel to get rid of CO2 and other body waste and it
also decomposes human urine.
Bryophytes:
The trees and rocks of hilly areas covered by thick green carpet of tiny plants. They are the
first plants to come out of water to get adapted to live on the land. But can reproduce only in
the presences of water