robotic
articles
19
Medical non-laparoscopic robotics was firstly discovered in 1985, called Puma560. It was initially practiced by KWoh et al in neurosurgical biopsies. Then, in 1988 Davies et al have used Puma in transurethral resection; it was designed in PROBOT (special robotic system for transurethral resection).The following medical robot was REBODOC, which was found out by Integrated Surgical Supplies of Sacramento for taking off thighbones during hip replacement surgeries. Many developments and innovations were being launched by the Computer Motion Inc., the first accredited robot by the FDA (food and drugs administration) was AESOP, a robot that is involved in endoscopic surgeries and it is managed by the Voice-command. managed by the Voice-command. Hermes Control Centre was the second modified version of AESOP created by the computer motion Inc. More and more, another system was established by the computer motion inc. in 2001 called SOCRATES™ Robotic Tele-collaboration System, that was involved in the performance of the first transatlantic surgery with the use of technological communications ..In addition to the tele-communication devices, the Intuitive Surgery, Inc. has developed a 3-D Davinci surgical system that is
..In addition to the tele-communication devices, the Intuitive Surgery, Inc. has developed a 3-D Davinci surgical system that is highly used in US in cardiac clinical trial for endoscopic coronary artery bypass graft surgery(biomed.brown.edu).Mayo clinic is one of the credible and high in quality academic medical center. More than 10 surgeries are operated using assisted-robots , that ensures safety and perfection(MayoClinic.org). In addition to the use of robots in surgeries, robots are used in rehabilitation. Robotics has make life activities much easier for those who cannot perform them due to injuries or born with defect. Many people are deprived from living their life normally; accordingly the rehabilitation department has developed robotic systems to solve the problem. Robotic rehabilitation is divided to three categories manipulation, mobility or cognition. Manipulation has two parts the fixed-platform, which is responsible for assisting handicapped person in doing normal activities at home, portable-platform ,such as electronic arms that are attached to wheelchair to bring objects to its users and mobile autonomous ,which are controlled using voice command. Besides, mobility assistances such as wheel chairs and motorized walkers that assists handicapped and disabled people to move with stability. Finally, the cognitive assistance serves those who have problems in communication, such as autism (Van Der loos,et al).