Mariam El Rayes
ideals to be representative of normal human interactions, this also applied to the physical and spiritual world.
In 1824, the term social sciences first appeared in ’An Inquiry into the Principles of the Distribution of Wealth Most Conducive to Human Happiness; applied to the Newly Proposed System of Voluntary Equality of Wealth’ by William Thompson. Attempts to apply equations to reports about human behaviour became progressively common, the first being the ‘laws’ of philology, which tried to map the changes of sounds in a language over time. In 1838 Comte first established Sociology, which was his attempt to unify psychology, history and economics through scientific investigations of societies, eventually going on to write two more books concerning sociology. During the 20th century, the ‘social theory’ received another shock through the works of Charles Darwin; the natural selection theory and the unstated indication of genetic inheritance, pointed in the direction of a scientific biology, grounded on mathematical connections, his theory was later used by several, including Freud forming a theory of the human mind.
In 1895 the first department of sociology was set up by Émile Durkheim at the University of Bordeaux, a year later he contributed to the scientific society three books, each of whom would present a case study with sociological analysis from philosophy to psychology.
In 1924, the ‘Pi Gamma Mu’ honor society for social sciences was initiated, with its main goals to achieve interdisciplinary collaboration and development of a unified concept of human character and corporation. By the end of which scholarships in the vast social sciences and grants were developed. In the interwar period, the rise of industrialism had created several political, social and economic problems, the irrationalness of World War I offered an instant incentive for a method of decision making that was more ‘scientific’ and easier to handle. In other terms, to direct the new multi-national corporations, more data was needed, which meant that the required data needed to be simplified to information that can be used to make decisions. This lead to the increased use of both quantitative and qualitative methods used to study human actions and its’ benefits and consequences. This movement provided the means for the growth of social sciences.