Science 101 Dec 2013 | Page 11

     It wasn’t until 1929 when the first an- where penicillin was left off. They were tibiotic was “invented”. A bacteriologist, able to successfully complete the job Sir Alexander Fleming was returning to that Sir Alexander had left to his assishis laboratory after taking an extended tants (extracting the “mold juice” from vacation on September 3rd 1928. He be- Penicillium notatum). So they extracted gan sorting/tidying through his petri the pure penicillin from the bacteria killdishes that he had left behind. These ing substance that existed in the mold. petri dishes had contained bacteria that The testing of penicillin took years this were responsible for sore throats, boils was a result of the outbreak of World War and abscesses. While observing his 1 and 2 that stalled many laboratory testdishes he realized something very peculi- ing. Manufacturing was moved to the ar…on one of the dishes a strange mold United States and companies were had formed. All the bacteria on the petri taken over while penicillin was still in the dish were still there except around the testing phase. Yet, by 1945 they (Alexanarea the mold was present. It was as if der Fleming, Howard Florey, and Ernst the mold has secreted some sort of sub- Chain) achieved the Nobel Prize in stance that completely annihilated the medicine “for the FACT bacteria (“mold juice”). After concen- d i s c o v e r y the wingspan of a trated testing he identified it as a rare of penicil- boeing 747 is longer than the wright brothers first strain of Penicillium notatum. His assis- lin and its flight tants Stuart Craddock and Frederick Ri- curative dley were given the heavy task of extract- effect in variing this pure penicillin from the “mold ous in- fectious diseases”. juice”. They knew that this penicillin would be able to destroy plenty other Experimental Test forms of bacteria. Yet the substance they were extracting at the time proved very unstable. Sir Alexander was unable to fully complete his findings...      A decade later it was up too Howard Florey and Ernst chain to pick up 10