SABI Magazine Volume 9 Issue 4 | Page 29

How to ... • adapters which use a bolt up socket on the reverse side of the flange. Needless to say the joint is completed by using bolts and a flange gasket, usually cut from reeinforced rubber sheet. HDPE pipe systems: f f Small bore HDPE pipe uses a compression flange adapter that has a drilled flange combined with a compression socket. Alternatives to this are electro-fusion stub flanges and flange adapters. SANS 1123: TABLE 1600/3-(Table 10) steel plate flanges for welding (1600 kPA-16 BAR) Nominal size DN 50 80 100 150 200 250 300 Pipe outside diameter OD 60.3 88.9 114.3 165.1 219.1 273.0 323.9 Flange D 165 200 220 285 340 405 460 Raised face b d3 12 14 14 18 22 25 28 102 138 158 212 268 320 378 Bolts f 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 m16 m16 m16 m20 m20 m24 m24 No d1 PCD 4 8 8 8 12 12 12 125 160 180 240 295 355 410 18 18 18 22 22 26 26 Note: 1600 kPa-16 bar is the nominal maximum working pressure of pipelines. Other pressure Tables exist in SANS 1123 BS 10: TABLE D Imperial flanges (600 kPa-6 bar) Nominal size DN 50 80 100 150 200 250 300 Flange DN 2” 3” 4” 6” 8” 10” 12” D 152.4 184.0 216.0 280.0 336.5 406.4 457.0 b 14.3 14.3 17.5 17.5 19.0 19.0 22.2 No m16 m16 m16 m16 m16 m20 m20 4 4 4 8 8 8 12 D2 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 22.2 22.2 Steel pipe systems Fully flanged steel piping is used in surface installations in combination with concrete or steel cradles and in suspended systems such as river crossings. These carbon steel flanges are known as slip-on flanges and are welded onto the pipe. f f A full range of mechanical (bolt-on) flange adaptors is available Drilling Bolts f f Large bore systems utilise a stub flange that is butt welded onto the pipe end and backed by a drilled galvanised steel backing ring or full HDPE flanges butt welded to the pipe end. Drilling PCD 114.3 146.1 177.8 235.0 292.0 355.5 406.5 f f Other flange types include: threaded flanges and blank or blind flanges. TYPES OF FLANGES A number of specialised flange types are available to the many facets of the manufacturing Industry. This editorial will focus on the three most popular pipe systems used in the Irrigation Sector, with details of the flange options used in those systems. PVC pipe systems: • PVC pipe systems have a range of “stub” flanges that are attached to a PVC pipe using Solvent Cement. The stub is welded to the pipe and a drilled galvanised steel backing ring, supplied to the correct drilling specification, is fitted behind the stub flange to form the complete flange. • A range of flange adapters is also available utilising integral rubber rings for buried systems. Further options include mechanical flanged f f Reticulation pipe work in pump stations or filter banks is the most prolific use of flanges in an irrigation system, in view of the large number of valves, pumps and filters found in these installations. Ensure that the correct flange table is used for the selection of the flange, as the pressure rating of a flange is as critical as the pressure rating of the pipe being used. For example, a 16 bar rated valve may be drilled to a 6 bar flange specification. This means that the valve only has a maximum operating pressure of 6 bar. SABI | APRIL / MAY 2017 27