RocketSTEM Issue #7 - May 2014 | Page 62

Diagram of the Boeing Space Tug Engine Module (EM). Analysis: EM was a way to make it go. Enter the Engine Module (EM). This machine would have had everything you needed to go on a space mission: propellant tanks, a Reaction Control System (RCS), batteries, and of course, the reliable RL10 rocket engine. This rocket engine was useful in that it could have been restarted many times, ) fuel. 2 This meant that the EM could have been reused many in all of rocketry is appropriately called the Rocket Equation, also known as the “Tsiolkovsky Equation” named after its discoverer. m0 v = vEXH ln( ––– ) m1 It tells rocketeers how much of a change in velocity propellant weight, and the exhaust velocity (vEXH ) of the gasses being expelled by the rocket. The exhaust ) SP multiplied by the standard gravity of Earth. Using the information from the Space Tug EM image, 60 60 Credit: Boeing had an ISP of 460 s. We can thus calculate the rocket ). EXH vEXH = I SP g0 = (460)(9.80665) = 4, 511 mps The EM graphic also tells us that the Inert Weight of the EM was 5,610 lbs. If we carry a CM with a crew of 10 astronauts on a 22-day mission that weighs 9,540 lbs, and other payload, the Dry Weight can be calculated. m1 = WeightINERT + WeightPAYLOAD + WeightCM = 5610 + 8000 + 9540 = 23,150 lbs Finally, the EM graphic shows that the propellant would have weighed 39,800 lbs. We now have everything we need to solve the rocket equation. m0 = m1 + WeightPROPELLANT = 23150 + 39800 = 62,950 lbs Putting everything together, we get v 62950 ln( ––––––– ) 23150 = (4511)(1.000346) = 4,513 mps www.RocketSTEM .org