RocketSTEM Issue #4 - November 2013 | Page 24

NASA’s MAVEN Mars orbiter with both solar arrays fully deployed at Lockheed Martin’s RAL facility near Denver. Photo: Lockheed Martin NASA’s MAVEN orbiter set to launch on quest to study Mars atmosphere By Ken Kremer MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN Mission) is NASA’s next mission to Mars. After a decade of hard work by dedicated science and engineering teams, it is scheduled to lift off on Nov. 18, 2013 from Cape Canaveral, Florida on an Atlas V 401 rocket. The 903 kilogram (2000 pound) probe will arrive at the Red Planet in September 2014 after a 10 month interplanetary voyage. It is the first spacecraft from Earth devoted to investigating and understanding the upper atmosphere of Mars. The purpose is to study specific processes and determine how and why Mars lost virtually all of its atmosphere billions of years ago and what effect that had on the history of climate change and habitability. “MAVEN’s goal is determining the composition of the ancient Martian atmosphere and when it was lost, where did all the water go and how and when was it lost,” said Bruce Jakosky in an interview at the Kennedy Space Center. Jakosky, of the University of Colorado at Boulder, is the MAVEN Principal Investigator. Scientists hope measurements from MAVEN’s suite of nine science instruments will help answer critical questions like whether the Martian atmosphere was 22 22 once substantial enough to sustain liquid water on its surface and support life. I personally inspected MAVEN inside the clean room at the Kennedy Space Center with chief scientist Bruce Jakosky, just prior to the partial shutdown of the US government on Oct. 1. In an ultra rare viewing opportunity the solar panels were fully unfurled. “MAVEN is on schedule and under budget” said Jakosky in an interview as we stood a meter away from the nearly fully assembled spacecraft. “The solar panels look exactly as they will be when MAVEN is flying in space and around Mars. To be here with MAVEN is breathtaking. Its laid out in a way that was spectacular to see!” The US government shutdown temporarily stopped all work but the mission was granted an “emergency exemption” after three days of no work. “We are working toward being ready to launch on Nov. 18,” Jakosky told me. “We think it’s very feasible.” MAVEN’s finding are key to understanding when and for how long Mars was much more Earth-like compared to today’s desiccated Red Planet. “The major questions about the history of Mars www.RocketSTEM.org