RocketSTEM Issue #2 - April 2013 | Page 13

projects I do use a telescope for just a few tens of hours, but then there’s many months of trying to understand what it is exactly that we found.” Q: With such a vast universe, do astronomers simply focus on a single question, or are they multitaskers, seeking the answers to multiple questions at once? Q: Does working on a radio telescope require a different skillset than an optical telescope? Lockman: “You need a broad background in the physical sciences and mathematics, and above all an interest in doing astronomical research. Anyone who is smart astrophysicist is about the same regardless of what instruments you end up using. You do need to learn a number of very specific instrumental techniques, or if you are making theoretical calculations on a computer, you would need to learn some specialized numerical techniques.” Lockman: “Individual astrono- mers tend to do research in just one or two areas. I typically have several projects going at once, sometimes lasting several years. Between the time that you devise an experiment, and the time that you actualy get to use a telescope may be a year or more. So I’m really doing multiple projects and I have collaborators scattered around the world that are in complementary fields to radio astronomy.” “One thing I’m very interested in is the extent of the Milky Way. How far out does it really go? And what is happening at the transition between galactic and intergalactic space? We can study that using radio waves. We can study that in the ultraviolet using data from the Hubble Space Telescope. We can study that in the infrared using data from other telescopes. “If you go out on a clear night what you will see is stars in the Milky Way, our home galaxy. Stars like the Sun put out most of their energy at optical, visible, wavelengths. They shine in the visible and we can see that. “In-between the stars, though, there are clouds of dust and gas that do not give off visible light, but shine very brightly in radio waves. And they can shine very brightly at infrared wavelengths as well. So the universe that we study with radio waves, is very complementary to the universe that we can study with visible light. “You need all of this to put together a coherent picture of what’s going on. There are many things out there that don’t give off any visible light at all.” www.RocketSTEM.org The Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, located in West Virginia, is the one o