2.1.3 RACIAL REPARATION INITIATIVES
As a starting point for this category , we have taken the tragic murder of Lucrecia Pérez in 1992 , the first officially recognised racist crime in Spain , which played a fundamental role in the enactment of hate crime legislation in the country . We have also addressed the definition and problematisation of the concept of hate crimes .
This section covers all legislation and initiatives related to hate crimes , on a state level , not a regional one , that recognise racism as the motive for numerous criminal acts . Unlike our previous report , on this occasion we have not attempted to compile and quantify all hate crimes that have occurred to date in the State , nor the individual compensation or reparations associated with each of them , except in the case of Lucrecia Pérez . This is because we refer to a specific open access initiative that compiles these cases , and the Ministry provides updated figures in this regard .
Including hate crimes becomes critical if we consider that reparation movements are initiatives that act in relation to both past grievances and present problems . These present problems are connected through historical racial discriminations that continue to exist in society . The recognition of this connection is evident in the literature addressing new models of Transitional Justice and also relates to some initiatives from the first category that address reparations for colonialism and slavery from an anti-racism perspective – as indicated by the United Nations or the EU .
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