HEALTH AND SANITATION
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local health risk assessments to protect individuals and
communities from exposure to excreta; integration of
sanitation into regular local government-led planning and
service provision; and investment from health sectors who
will also play a coordinating role in sanitation planning to
protect public health.
For those of us who work with running water and toilets
connected to sewerage systems, it seems difficult to
even contemplate the fact that, according to WaterAid, an
international non-profit that promotes clean water, more
than a billion women around the world are fearful of being
attacked, raped, or killed every time they go to the toilet out
in the open.
Bill Gates is looking to develop an entirely new toilet.
Beyond that, open defecation has been shown to cause
waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and
The call follows on from studies that show 2.3 billion people
globally lack basic sanitation and almost half of those are
forced to defecate in the open. A further 2.2 billion do not
have access to a toilet connected to a sewer or pit or a
septic tank that treats human waste.
A toilet product displayed at Interbuild Africa 2018
September 2019 Volume 25 I Number 7
www.plumbingafrica.co.za