Plumbing Africa November 2019 | Page 35

HEALTH AND SANITATION 33 “Urine and blood tests for drugs may indicate the presence of a substance up to 30 days after exposure to the drug, long after the effects have worn off. This is especially true of cannabis.” detect impairment regardless of the cause, including sleep-related fatigue, which is a far more common factor in workplace accidents than drug or alcohol use. Additional sources of impairment may include (but are not limited to) the effects of prescription medications, emotional distress and acute mental distraction. determined before a safety risk is created. Based on the assessment of the employee, an employer can then choose to test for drugs or alcohol. Contrary to the issues posed by traditional drug testing programmes, impairment testing has the potential to increase workplace wellness, improve communication, as well as perceptions of trust and job satisfaction among employees and management. In the case that an employee’s decreased alertness is due to fatigue, stress or other factors not related to drug or alcohol intoxication, the employer can decide, for example, to reassign the employee to a less critical task or ask the employee to use a countermeasure to help raise their alertness level, such as a cup of coffee, a 10-minute break or another suitable response for the company, the employee and the work environment. AlertMeter: a viable alternative Summary Currently, the only workplace safety tools that can provide the level of insight necessary to help companies transition from drug testing to impairment testing relate to alertness testing as a fitness-for-duty solution. This innovative approach is relatively new to the marketplace, although the science has existed for decades. Principally, alertness testing is not about managing the employee’s life at home; it is about ensuring that the employee who is working in a safety-sensitive job is alert and in a safe state-of-mind. Unfortunately, when companies rely primarily on drug testing, the dangers of fatigue, stress and on-the-job intoxication are realised only after they have contributed to an accident. One such system called the AlertMeter was originally developed in the 1990s and scientifically validated in 2009 through a study funded by the US National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). It is now made commercially available worldwide by Predictive Safety SRP Inc, based in Colorado, US, where cannabis is also legal for recreational use. Predictive Safety has been supporting American businesses through the use the AlertMeter as a viable alternative to drug testing for several years. They also have an office in South Africa. The AlertMeter system gauges users’ performance on a graphical test that lasts between 60 and 90 seconds. In the case that an employee performs significantly lower than their personal baseline (established after taking the test 10 times), the user and their supervisor are notified so that the employee’s fitness for work can be November 2019 Volume 25 I Number 9 Building on all the advancements in workplace safety over the past few decades requires shifting from reacting to incidents after they occur to managing risks in a truly predictive and preventative manner. Because alertness testing provides knowledge of a risk before the risk can pose a hazard, it is a sign of the future of workplace safety – focused on prevention and respect for the safety of workers and workplaces alike. For more information, visit: www.predictivesafety.com/ alertmeter. PA References • National Workrights Institute (2010). Impairment testing – does it work? National Workrights Institute. Retrieved from http://workrights.us/?products=impairment-testing- does-it-work Dr Douglas Potter is director of Predictive Safety South Africa. He was voted among the top 10 doctors in fatigue in 2012 and headed the team that built Africa’s first Fatigue Centre. The team has won seven international awards on fatigue — two of these awards are Gold Quills. www.plumbingafrica.co.za