Plumbing Africa November 2019 | Page 34

32 32 TECHNICAL HEALTH AND SANITATION Cannabis and the workplace By Dr Doug Potter (ND), Dr Lori Guasta (PhD) and David R Lauriski (MA) Cannabis legalisation in South Africa shifts from drug testing to impairment testing to keep employees and workplaces safe. The modern workplace is filled with gadgets and protocols designed to keep workers safe; there are security cameras, risk assessments, alcohol and drug testing and safety gear. We add each new safety device to our collection of workplace initiatives to create a vision of a safer workplace. Can we now manage drug use in our safety programmes? The answer is yes. In zero-tolerance workplaces, employees who drink alcohol on Sunday night understand that its presence should be out of their systems by Monday morning. Yet urine and blood tests for drugs may indicate the presence of a substance up to 30 days after exposure to the drug, long after the effects have worn off. This is especially true of cannabis. Given the drug’s new legal status in South Africa, employers recognise the need to address this issue differently and in response to the changed social landscape. Companies are dealing with a new reality that an increased number of employees may choose to use cannabis during the weekend or outside of their work schedule. Instead of focusing on drug testing, South African employers may shift to impairment testing, ensuring that workers are fit-for-work, despite the presence of cannabis in their system. Random drug testing is thought to dissuade employees from engaging in drug use to eliminate the possibility of employees being intoxicated at work. However, any component of a safety system structured to catch wrongdoing as a method to prevent safety risk is indicative of a safety culture and safety leadership that could be improved. In addition, employers are recognising that current drug testing approaches may make it difficult to attract and retain a qualified workforce. According to a 2010 report by the National Workrights Institute, ‘Impairment testing is the practice of determining which workers in safety sensitive positions put themselves and others at risk by directly measuring workers’ current fitness for duty. Urine testing, in contrast, attempts to determine which workers have used specific substances known to cause impairment in the relatively recent past.’ Alertness testing as a fitness-for-duty solution is far more valuable as a workplace safety tool compared to drug testing because it can www.plumbingafrica.co.za @plumbingonline @PlumbingAfricaOnline November 2019 Volume 25 I Number 9