Plumbing Africa May 2019 | Page 50

FEATURES 48 A typical drainage installation for a public restroom. An HDPE drainage installation in a commercial building. WHY IS THE QUALITY OF MATERIALS IMPORTANT? The basis of the NBR is health and safety, and quality directly relates to health and safety. It also relates to longevity (lifespan and durability) and it relates to operation, maintenance, and costs. Inferior quality of materials can be dangerous and require more costly maintenance and may be a health threat. Low-quality piping has caused serious technical problems, costly replacements, and expansive water wastage. The SABS standards for materials and many other international standards are for good quality, safe, and economic installations. When it comes to the installation and management of drainage, it is crucial to consider not only the obvious health risks, but when using products of a lower quality that do not last, the risk of human contact becomes greater, which leads to greater probability of health issues. This includes the risk of leaks contaminating potable water supply or boreholes, which not only affects a single point but can harm entire communities. Better quality, or best quality, is important for a long-lasting system. The general lifespan of a commercial building is between 20 and 25 years and the quality of piping, fixtures, and equipment must be able to last for this period. Updated standard development requires piping to last as long as 50 years. May 2019 Volume 25 I Number 3 WHAT IS THE CORRECT PREPARATION FOR PIPE BEDDINGS AND COMPACTION? SANS1200 contains the necessary information on this topic. There are a number of important elements, such as the following: • The ‘excavation’: The trench must not be over- excavated, deeper than the invert levels, and then backfilled with soil with no compaction. • The bottom of the trench must be the same density as the adjoining material and not be able to subside when water penetrates the trench later on, causing the pipe to subside, and therefore resulting in not being straight — which causes blockages. • If necessary, the bottom of the trench must be compacted. • The bedding of the piping is clearly specified in the standard and other pipe manufacturers’ manuals. However, the best pipe bedding is river sand and normally at least 100mm thick under the barrel of the pipe and around to the middle of the pipe. • Once the pipe is pressure tested, then the pipe is covered with river sand (in the absence of river sand, a granular material free from stone can be used as specified in the standard) to 300mm above the top of the pipe. This cover of 300mm over the pipe can be lightly compacted. • Once the pipe is covered with the 300mm thick cover, then the rest of the backfilling can take www.plumbingafrica.co.za