People and Management January 2019 | Page 21

www.peopleandmanagement.com Memory was the next most important as it enabled us to recall where the best places to hunt were, or which tribes of people were friendly and which were hostile. For most of our evolutionary past the most critical of these functions was our instinctive abilities, such as running or throwing a spear, and the parts of the brain where these abilities reside were the fi rst to develop in our early ancestors. Memory was the next most important as it enabled us to recall where the best places to hunt were, or which tribes of people were friendly and which were hostile. The frontal lobes - the part of our brain that enables us to think and reason – was the last part of the brain to develop. It is also the region that is most cognitively limited, which is why, when we concentrate deeply, we may be oblivious to other things going on around us. In fact, research conducted at MIT in 2011 suggests that humans can only retain four items ‘in mind’ at any point in time. To overcome our limited capacity for thinking, human brains memorise routine tasks. Over time, we become so practiced at those tasks that we no longer need to consciously think when we perform them. For example, walking is a skill all humans have to learn, but once learned, we can do it unconsciously, thereby freeing up the ‘thinking’ part of our brain for other purposes. Humans are creatures of habit – as we get older, we learn and routinalize more and more functions. This is why we become ‘set in our ways’. Routinalizing functions has served us well at work because companies have traditionally operated on the philosophy that there is a ‘right way’ of doing anything. When new people join the company they are taught the ‘right way’; managers supervise them to ensure they continue to do things the ‘right way’, and eventually, they may become supervisors of the ‘right way’ themselves. As Peter Drucker observed, this approach has suited companies for the last 150 years as it has provided consistency and predictability. But in the last decade, two major changes have occurred. Robotics and computers enable us to automate most routine tasks, thereby freeing up employees for tasks computers cannot do – such as being creative, innovating and driving change. At the same time, the pace of change has accelerated to the point where companies can go from having near monopolies to becoming virtually irrelevant within a matter of years – think of Kodak, Blockbuster, Netscape and Blackberry. Today, modern organisations want their employees to spend an increasing proportion of their time on what behavioural scientists call ‘heuristic tasks’. These are tasks where there are no defi ned processes and no right or wrong answers. They require people to think and to rely more heavily on their frontal lobes, the most limited part of their brain. As a result, more people are suffering from stress, experiencing burnout, and in the most extreme cases, committing suicide. This is not to say that people cannot fully engage their frontal lobes without it being stressful. They can, but this level of commitment only generally occurs when people are doing something they are passionate about. When that happens, people become highly focused and fully immersed in a task. It is not stressful, because it is what that person wants to do and they will perform to the best of their abilities. The challenge for companies is that they are used to dealing with employees collectively, whereas getting the best from people in this way requires that they tailor their approach to every individual. Traditional psychometric instruments are of little help in these instances because they tend to be based on studies of behaviours, rather than the motivations that lead to those behaviours. Neuroscience is able to help as, through our work in MyBrain International, we can provide people with an insight into the energy and motivation that forms the foundation of those behaviours. In this way, we are able to help individuals, teams and even whole organisations drive performance improvements based on the unique approach and preferences of each individual. P & M * For more infor mation, contact MyBrain International or visit our website at www.mybrain. co.uk. Vol. 10 Issue 1 • JANUARY 2019, Noida | 21