My first Magazine FREEDOM | Page 5

could be employed for less pay, better utilized in factory environment, lacked knowledge of their basic rights, and possessed higher trust levels. The practice of child labour continued even in the post- Independence India, though the government continued to take legislative measures against child labour. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights passed in 1948 incorporated the basic human rights and needs of children for proper progression and growth in their younger years. • Article 24 of the Constitution bans engagement of children below the age of 14 in factories, mine s, and other hazardous employment. • Article 21A and Article 45 promise to impart free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14. • The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act enacted in 1986, prohibited children younger than the age of 14, from being employed as child labour in hazardous occupations. • In 2009, India passed the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE). • The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2016, passed by Parliament, prohibits “the engagement of children in all occupations and of adolescents in hazardous In recent times, children are occupations and processes”. engaged into activities such as beedi-making, brick kilns, Here adolescents refers to those carpet weaving, commercial under 18 years; children to sexual exploitation, construction, those under 14. The Act also fireworks and matches factories, imposes a stringent penalty dhabas, hotels, hybrid cottonseed on anyone who employs or production, leather, mines, permits adolescents to work. quarries, silk, synthetic gems, etc. “Stop Child Labour There Is No Reason, There Is No Excuse, Child Labor Is Child Abuse” The government should bring down the incidence of child labour through reform and investment in education. Mid-day meals should be re-emphasized; homeless children should be provided housing through the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan boarding schools, and laws banning child labour should be more strictly enforced. Government authorities and civil society organizations need to work in tandem to free Nevertheless, child labour has children engaged in labour now led to alarming proportions. under abysmal conditions. As per an estimate, India contributes to one-third of Asia’s They need to be rescued exploitative working child labour and one-fourth from and supported of the world’s child labour. conditions with adequate education. 5