CHAPTER-
2 ANIMALS AND HUMAN LANGUAGE
DESCRIPTION REFLECTIONS
As Hans tapped away and came close to the
correct answer, the human questioner would
produce subtle physical reactions that
told the horse when he should stop, making it
seem as if He had arrived at the
Correct answer. If the horse could not see the
questioner, he couldn’t get the right
Answer. Similarly, if the questioner didn’t know
the answer, the horse would get it
Wrong. Hans, like many other animals, was able
to respond to subtle physical
gestures such as change of facial expression or
shift in posture that humans were
Making, though the humans were unaware of
what they were doing. This has
become known as “the Clever Hans
phenomenon” and it is sometimes cited as a way
of explaining how other creatures, such as
chimpanzees, may appear to be learning
To produce language in different ways. With
productivity, the system can create new
expressions and the potential
Number of expressions is infinite. With fixed
reference, there is a fixed number of
signals in the system and each signal only relates
to a particular object or
Occasion.
They designed experiments in which no humans
could provide cues and Washoe
Could still produce correct signs to identify
objects in pictures.
Arbitrariness
The key element seemed to be early exposure to
language in use. Animals are so intelligent beings
because they can very useful to
communicate with us one of them
is when they begin to bark is that
moment in which they are
communicating and it is known
that something is happening
whether it is hungry, thirsty or
feel Some pain.
Is the case of the horse that just
by riding it and pulling his rope he
already knows which way he is
indicating to walk.
These properties of human
language make it a unique
communication system since it
can take action and reaction
between both and is something
very important then it would
seem
Extremely likely that other
creatures would be able to
understand it. Some humans,
However they do not see it so it
does not seem that the animals
are important and able to
communicate and to awaken a
mutual affection between people
so in short, we are all human
beings only with different life
forms.