Maximum Yield USA 2015 April | Page 140

parasitic pathogens Damping off is a disease that afflicts young seedlings, and is common under wet, humid conditions. Plant Defence Systems Plants are not without their own defence strategies when it comes to preventing disease infection. In fact, the majority of fungal spores and bacterial pathogens present in a growing environment never actually cause a significant disease outbreak. A complex series of anti-microbial compounds termed phytoalexins are produced within the plant when it senses it’s under attack by pathogens. Phytoalexins are compounds that accumulate around the area of the invasion and create a number of different strategies to fight, wall off and generally limit microbial growth to prevent the disease from The first signs of a disease outbreak can be easy to miss if regular plant inspections are not carried out. 138 Maximum Yield USA  |  April 2015 “ While fungal diseases are far more common in indoor gardens, bacterial pathogens can still cause problems and are more difficult to identify.” spreading further. While phytoalexins are naturally produced by plants, there are a number of compounds known to be inducers, which when applied to a crop can have the ability to boost phytoalexin levels. Some of the more commonly known phytoalexin inducers used in crop production include salicylic acid, chitin and chitosan, phosphorous acid and phosphonate fungicides. These stimulate the plant’s defence systems and have been incorporated into a range of commercially available plant-protection products, but the effectiveness of the process of phytoalexin stimulation can be somewhat variable between different plant species and dependant on the pathogen and environment. S [