MARS: The Journey Onward III | Page 8

Psychosocial Issues on a Mars Mission Stressors On-orbit • Research shows the presence of a “third quarter phenomenon,” characterized by increased homesickness, depression, irritability, and a decrease of crew cooperation not too far after the halfway point. • “We studied the impact of leadership roles on group cohesion in both our Mir and ISS studies. We found that the support role of the mission commander was significantly and positively related to group cohesion among crewmembers. In our Mission Control subjects, both the task and support roles of the team leader were significantly related to cohesion in the ground-based work groups.” • Celebrating holidays and special events keep morale up and may bring the crew together. Cultural Issues • Communication misunderstandings and differences in work management styles may cause power conflict. • Each crewmember would need to have at least one person who could identify with their cultural background. • Simple tasks such as face to face communication would need to be adjusted to better suit cultural preferences and avoid conflict. • Not all cultures would be taken into consideration if celebrations would be held which oppose their beliefs. Stressors Unique to a Mars Mission • Begin to build a dependence on machines and resources at hand. • “Earth-out-of-view phenomenon” where seeing your family and friends and where you’ve lived as small as a dot may worsen the feeling of isolation and homesickness. Other effects that may occur include, depression, psychosis, or even suicidal thinking.